| Since the early 1970 s,Jia Pingwa has left a strong imprint on the development history of Chinese contemporary literature with his huge creative volume,continuous creative vitality and phenomenal social influence,which has aroused extensive attention and discussion in the literary circle and society.It is worth noting that in addition to being a writer,Jia Pingwa also used to mock himself as "a famous patient in the literary world".Decades of illness not only made him suffer from physical pain,but also affected and changed his temperament,thoughts and mentality,and even imperceptively permeated his literary works.Jia Pingwa has mentioned many times in interviews and essays that illness experience and illness thinking have a direct or indirect impact on his own literary concept and style.A careful analysis of Jia Pingwa’s novel creation can also be found that there are a large number of hidden clues and representations of physical diseases,psychological disorders and social reality.No matter it is the morbid form of the character’s body,spirit,behavior and psychology,or the morbid relationship with self,others,society and nature,"sickness" always appears frequently in his trivial and complicated daily life narration.Although disease is a natural event on a physiological level,it is always loaded with value judgments on a cultural level.The pathological writing of literature is no longer limited to the diagnosis and description of symptoms at the medical level,but is endowed with cultural,social and historical metaphorical connotations.Behind the abnormal physical,psychological and social representations,there is a writer’s awareness and reflection of the contradictions and perplexities in reality,and also a desire to overcome and solve the problems of imagination,trying to exert the healing effect on self,others and even society."Disease" as the breakthrough point of jia pingwa,had the typical characters in the novel,morbid psychology,pathological behavior and a variety of disease in urban and rural areas,combined with the writer’s personal complex era,cultural origin and motivation,analyzes the metaphor meaning behind attached to the pathological appearance and value judgment,its pathological writing has realistic meaning and function,This provides a new clue and train of thought for us to approach and understand Jia Pingwa and his literary works.The work is a reflection of the writer’s life experience,and the reality that cannot be avoided objectively constitutes the fundamental influence on the writer’s writing.The ups and downs of life and the sensitive and thoughtful personality and psychology made Jia Pingwa have a unique understanding and thinking about society,life,fate and human nature,which enabled him to face the ugly,sick and incomplete nature of reality more sincerely and honestly.The illness experience and illness experience also further have a profound impact on his life attitude,life perception,disease cognition,for his literary creation of the pathological writing of the profound emotion and ideological tone,but also constitute the internal source of his novel pathological writing subjective complex and consciousness.At the same time,the influence of traditional culture and the nourishment of regional folk culture environment also provided jia Pingwa with important creative inspiration and spiritual nourishment,which made his disease concept and treatment consciousness show the traditional cultural factors of interweaving collision.In the works,the mysterious pathogenic legends of ghosts and gods and the folk remedies full of witch culture color all show the romantic and mysterious regional cultural characteristics and folk characteristics.In addition,the pathological aesthetics hidden in the bones of The Chinese literati,the "national doctor complex" of the enlightenment intellectuals in the May Fourth Movement to cure the chronic diseases of the state,society and nation,and the infection and stimulation of the current literary context and the atmosphere of The Times,also jointly affect and form the pathological literary expression in Jia Pingwa’s novels.Writer to the real trouble with the spirit of the people confused keen observation and metaphorical writing to some extent is carrying the intellectual foundation realistic reflection,of course the writing also exist behind the writer for the cognitive differences between literature and reality itself,its transmission in the self-understanding dump out some kind of social responsibility,and the "May 4th" new literature enlightenment has a certain distance.Focusing on the sorting and analysis of the novel text,it can be found that the metaphorical writing of the pathological symptoms in Jia Pingwa’s works mainly presents three levels.First of all,there are a large number of obvious symptoms of physical diseases in his novels.The author does not focus on the physiological description and medical diagnosis of diseases,but reveals people’s distorted and alienated living conditions from the perspective of "diseases".The deformity and pathological changes of the body not only deepen the suffering of people’s real life,but also bear the writer’s metaphorical thinking about the current situation of rural society under the "erosion" of commodity economy and urban civilization,as well as the anxiety and warning of people’s survival dilemma and spiritual confusion in the process of modernization development.Borrow yelang and with lamp "vigil",Chen jia pingwa refers to the people subconsciously unbridgeable divide and resist,through their internal cannot be self-consistent spirit of fissure revealed in their traditional and modern,country and city,ideal and reality standoff struggle agitation,touch and paint to the town to escape after their confusion to find,And the spiritual loss of the returning intellectuals.At the same time,as another typical image of patients in his novels,Zhang Yinsheng’s "madness" not only provides a unique narrative perspective for the text,but also triggers the writer’s dialectical thinking about tradition and modernity,madness and civilization under the tide of The Times.Zhang Yinsheng represents a traditional persistence contrary to the tide of the advancing era,and a value ideal against the impetuous social environment.This incompatible state of thought and behavior to some extent constitute the essence of his madness.His existence is carrying jia pingwa era of market economy and the urbanization development and traditional rural society in the context of the folk custom culture and the spiritual power of a waning thinking,metaphor in the social transformation that is regarded as a heterogeneous traditional holdout and abandoned and forgotten in the traditional culture and spiritual pursuit,but also mixed with a sense of dislocation of squire scores and literati feelings of loneliness.Secondly,by jumping out of the physical manifestation of the symptoms,Jia pingwa also keenly captures and presents the morbid and anxious psychology of people under the realistic pressure of survival and spiritual pressure.By focusing on the controversial sex writing clues in Jia Pingwa’s novels from the perspective of psychoanalysis,we can find that people’s morbidsexual behaviors and sexual psychology actually hide some alienated needs expression.Jia Pingwa reflects on the negation and evasion of the desire of the "superego" to the "id" under the traditional social expectations and moral regulations through people’s distorted sexual repression.From the sexual exploitation full of violence,it examines the internal desire for conquest and value pursuit of the abuser under the pursuit of "will to power".Through hypocritical and indulgent sexual pleasure,it examines the sickness of those souls who want to avoid external frustration pressure and make up for the loss of reality behind sensory stimulation and psychological compensation.At the same time,Jia Pingwa is good at revealing some real dilemmas,problems,contradictions or some hidden emotions in a specific social environment,era atmosphere and even historical background through the life,fate,behavior and even psychology of individuals or groups.Through a variety of abnormal behaviors,Jia pingwa also exposes the "identity anxiety" of rural youth,the "spiritual anxiety" of intellectuals,the "value anxiety" of women and the "traditional anxiety" of squirets,providing us with a unique perspective of the social culture and spirit of the transition era.The analysis and interpretation of the pathological symptoms in Jia Pingwa’s literary works have gained certain historical and realistic significance.Finally,the modernization wave of reform and opening up has led China to undergo reform and transformation in many aspects,such as society,economy and culture.At the same time,a series of new social problems have inevitably occurred.Jia Pingwa reveals the negative pain of modernization development through the diagnosis of urban and rural social diseases,and integrates the pathological metaphorical writing,whether implicit or explicit,into the portrayal of urban and rural characters,plot construction,and even the overall image construction,showing the writer’s keen observation and reflection on the real social problems and dilemmas.On the one hand,he intended to amplify the body as the symbol of the whole society,with the body organs and their emotional metaphor of pathological disorders that exist in the urban and rural social repression,confrontation,conflict and disorder phenomenon,make people realize the modernization of temptation lurks behind the crisis and the plight,led to the present realistic problem consciousness and attention.Her novel,on the other hand,rural society for digestion,Confucian moral system failure,ecological imbalance,and decline,the rule of law "hollowing out" crisis rural social disease,such as portraits of sick people in the city,urban landscape and social alienation symptoms and distorted relationships show,also reveals the writer complex attitude in the face of rural society reform,As well as to modernization,urbanization development brought by the negative effect of great vigilance and calm thinking.However,we can also find that Jia Pingwa presents a return to the traditional cultural value orientation in his works,and even unconsciously reveals the "rural standard" consciousness.At the same time,in addition to the text meaning,jia Pingwa’s pathological writing mainly embodies three realistic values and functional direction.One is self value orientation,written in the morbid to reveal the nature of reality is not perfect,relieve and healing the sick writer in real life "he opposite sex" and "shame",as a writer to send fear,loneliness,sadness,negative emotions,the effective ways to make their physical and mental pain get catharsis,comfort and satisfaction,It plays a special "self-healing" function.The second is the value orientation of the audience.Pathological writing not only creates a tragic aesthetic experience for readers,but also tends to stimulate readers to experience sympathy and empathy with the accompanying physical suffering and spiritual torture,so that they can get the pleasure of catharsis and relief.At the same time,under the pathological appearance,there are often condensed writers’ attention to social problems,their grasp of the mood of The Times,and their depiction of people’s living conditions and mental states,which objectively form a kind of social mirror literary landscape,satisfying people’s desire to talk about the current social problems and peep pleasure.The third is the direction of social value,which is the important driving force of the writers’ literary creation.Behind jia Pingwa’s pathological literature writing is his earnest inquiry and exploration of social realistic problems.The pathological conditions of individual physiology and psychology often point to the embarrassment and depression of the realistic living environment.The pathological writing in his literary works not only reflects the humanitarian concern for survival,but also tries to show his consciousness of social problems and moral responsibility.Of course,while exploring and interpreting the symbolic meaning and realistic functional value of metaphor in jia Pingwa’s novels,we should not ignore the shortcomings of its objective existence and the confusion and contradiction reflected in the author’s emotional attitude,value judgment and ideological consciousness.Careful combing jia ping-wa novel for the use of disease images can be found,a large number of the use of disease image is not all for a rigorous,rational literature disease image in part due to lack the support of a certain emotional connotation and significance of inevitably become a kind of redundant plot details or are necessary,more carries a writer subjective personal interest,There was an unmistakable hint of mischief.In part of the reflection and diagnosis of urban and rural social diseases,Jia Pingwa also reveals his own confusion of urban-rural opposites and his conservative value judgment of local position.His understanding and judgment of the social crux and historical root of many realistic diseases are not thorough and accurate enough.It even shows the tendency of anti-modern discourse to defend the backward local culture and the negative mood of melancholy and pessimism.For example,the author himself explained and defended the concept of human trafficking and rural patriarchal clan.This paper tries to combine literature,psychology and sociology theories to sort out and analyze the metaphorical connotation and realistic function of jia Pingwa’s pathological writing in his novels,and tries to provide some valuable references for his literary interpretation from the dialectical perspective and standpoint. |
PDF Full Text Request