Research On Relationship Between Form And Performance Of Vernacular Dwellings

Traditional dwellings are widely distributed,diverse in composition,diversified in architectural forms and complex in structure.Promoting the green development of traditional dwellings is an important driving force for the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy and the realistic need for the realization of rural revitalization.Traditional residential buildings are the experiential accumulation formed by the ancestors for thousands of years in the way of ‘trial and error’,and also the crystallization of the wisdom of the ancestors in each region.Therefore,almost all traditional residential buildings have a common feature,that is,the form is subject to both function and performance.However,on the one hand,as China enters the critical stage of rapid urbanization,the construction of residential buildings appears to imitate the ‘wave’ of modern urban building construction,and the modular treatment method cannot inherit the green building experience of traditional residential buildings such as ‘adapting to the climate and using local materials’.Limited by economic conditions and technical factors,the unprofessional design and construction of newly built residential buildings in the imitation process lead to poor building performance,low indoor thermal environment quality,and some problems in engineering quality.With the passage of time,these newly built self-built residential buildings have become a problem of ‘reconstruction of existing buildings’ or‘renewal of urban villages’.Therefore,building new residential buildings in a scientific way,improving the performance of residential buildings,improving the quality of life of local residents,and improving the quality of life are the directions to respond to contemporary needs and promote the renewal and succession of architectural development level.On the other hand,the performance-guided construction of residential building forms is an important way to meet the needs of users at a small cost and create a comfortable indoor thermal environment.Although the new residential buildings meet the basic performance of safety and performance,but it is insufficient to consider the relationship between building thermal performance and building form.If we do not attach importance to this feature,construct buildings without standards and spontaneously,lack performance guidance when constructing building forms,and rely on proactive technical means to solve performance problems in the later stage,it often leads to huge energy consumption in buildings,and the contradiction between energy conservation and comfort is becoming increasingly prominent.Therefore,this article follows the logic of "basic research → theoretical establishment → method construction → verification feedback" to conduct research.From the perspective of improving the performance of residential buildings and taking architectural forms as the object,it aims to improve the indoor thermal environment of residential buildings,alleviate the contradiction between energy conservation and comfort,and achieve two-way friendship between nature and people in buildings.The second chapter focuses on the functional aspects of residential buildings,which can be summarized as meeting safety,usage,comfort,social,and cultural needs.It clarifies that form follows both function and performance.Taking cave dwellings,Huizhou dwellings,Lingnan dwellings,and Western Sichuan dwellings as typical representatives of Chinese dwellings,based on the analysis of climate characteristics and residential forms,this paper analyzes the relationship between residential forms and climate characteristics,explains the performance of traditional residential forms,and reveals the reasons for the independent operation of buildings.Based on critical thinking and critical regionalism theory,combined with the above analysis,this paper proposes the inheritance and development concept of contemporary residential architecture.Chapter 3 is based on the structural functional correlation law of systems science,analyzing the relationship between form,function,and performance.Starting from the hierarchical principle of systems science and combining with Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory,a hierarchical structure of building needs was constructed.Based on the previous research,a "form performance" tower structure for residential buildings with user needs as the goal was constructed,and design methods guided by performance were summarized.Taking the Huizhou region as an example,this chapter conducted the extraction and reconstruction of contemporary residential forms from a performance perspective.Based on climate characteristics,test data,and performance requirements,form extraction was completed,and based on form extraction and architectural prototypes,form reconstruction was completed.Performance simulation and result analysis were conducted to verify the effectiveness of form reconstruction.Chapter 4 selects two representative residential buildings in China: kiln dwellings on the Loess Plateau(in dry and cold climate areas)and dwellings in the Western Sichuan Basin(in humid and hot climate areas).This article discusses the overview of local demonstration projects,the extraction and introduction of residential architectural forms,the organization and reconstruction of residential architectural forms,and the establishment of new models for kiln dwellings on the Loess Plateau and residential dwellings in western Sichuan.They are applied to the implementation plan and construction practice of demonstration projects in Zaoyuan Village,Yan’an,northern Shaanxi and Daping Village,Sichuan.The follow-up test data compares and analyzes the performance difference between the old and new residential buildings,and verifies the feasibility and progressiveness of form reconstruction.Chapter 5 takes the South China Sea Island Reef Ultra Low Energy Building Engineering Demonstration Project,which won the Huaxia Award as a typical case,to complete the preliminary exploration of the application of building form construction in public buildings under the performance guidance proposed in this article.Related research and practice can enhance the weight of building performance in the factors of building form construction,and solve the problem of excessive reliance on technology implementation and deviation from the original intention of building form construction in building performance indicators.To provide design theory and technical support for the promotion and construction of ultra-low energy buildings in China,as well as the national dual carbon strategy goals,and to create a comfortable indoor thermal environment to meet the upgrading,diversification,and personalization of user needs.