Research On The Military Industrial Architecture In Late Qing Dynasty In The Perspective Of Technology History

The design core of industrial architecture lies in the industrial production technology represented by machines or equipment and processes,and it is important to study modern industrial architecture from the technical perspective.Military industry of the late Qing Dynasty is the starting point of the transformation of modern handicraft industry to machine industry.Military industrial architecture of the late Qing Dynasty is the starting point of the transformation of modern architecture in China.This paper takes the military industrial architecture of the late Qing Dynasty as the research object,and through the excavation and collation of documentary archives,interprets the relevant spatial issues from the perspective of technology history.Firstly,it takes the history of technology as the perspective and elaborates the process of technology introduction and localization in the late Qing Dynasty military industry from the background of globalization of the modern military industry,dividing it into time and space.It will focus on the equipment and processes that had a direct impact on the space,as well as the roles played by officials,technicians and other figures,providing the basis for the next interpretation of spatial issues.The interpretation of spatial issues focus on three dimensions,macro,meso and micro.Macro spatial issue focuses on geographical distribution and urban siting and visualization results based on historical maps.On the issue of geographic distribution at the national level,the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and influencing factors are summarized based on the staging pattern of technological development;on the issue of urban site selection,the process of selecting sites and spatial locations of military industries in cities in the late Qing Dynasty are clarified,and their characteristics and influence on urban space are summarized.Meso spatial issue focuses on the factory planning and layout.Ten cases of military factories are selected,and their characteristics are summarized and interpreted according to the industry types subdivided in the research of technology history.Micro spatial issue focuses on industrial architectural design,and takes the drawing files of the Yangshi Lei Archives Machine Bureau as the object of study,placing them in the dual historical contexts of Yangshi Leis’ modern Western architectural creation and the history of military industrial technology in the late Qing Dynasty for the identification and in-depth interpretation of the drawing files.The research results of this paper are summarized in two aspects.The perspective of technology history is an important precondition of industrial architecture history study.The research of technology history clarifies the overall cognitive of the military industrial architecture of the late Qing Dynasty.The historical evolution of military industry in the late Qing Dynasty as a whole was a result of two factors acted together which are the Post-exogenous Modernization and geopolitics.The research systematically constrcucts a research system of modern industrial architecture history based on technology history of one industry type,and provides a new narrative framework for the historical writing of modern architecture.