| Tower cranes are commonly used material handling equipment in construction,characterized by large operational area,long vertical climbing distance,and susceptibility to environmental factors.During the construction process,there are numerous hazards about tower crane structure and its operational space.These hazards result in frequent accidents.Tower cranes go through various phases at construction sites,including installation,climbing,usage,and dismantling.The operation tasks and scenarios in each phase are interconnected yet distinct.The differences in hazards and accident mechanisms of tower crane between different phases were ignored in previous research.The lack of targeted accident prevention for each phase makes it difficult to ensure the dynamic safety of tower crane.Therefore,the hazards prevention and accident prevention in the multiple phases of tower crane are focused on in this research,which holds significant theoretical and practical significance.In order to achieve targeted accident prevention in multiple phases of tower crane,the theoretical and practical perspectives were both conducted.At the theoretical level,the hazard-disaster mechanisms of the tower crane were established based on the systems theory approach.The tower crane installation,climbing,usage,and dismantling phases were considered as the time dimension,while factors such as personnel,machine,material,method,and environment were considered as the element dimension for hazard identification.A multi-phase hazard system of the tower crane has been derived,encompassing six categories: structure,function,personnel,process,management,and environment.Furthermore,employing complex network method,a multi-phase hazarddisaster network of the tower crane has been constructed.The critical disaster-causing factors and links were analyzed based on accident case data.At the practical level,a set of process safety analysis and control methods were proposed to address the critical hazards in tower crane accidents.This includes the state-action parallel flow model and Io T-based process safety monitoring and navigation technology,which facilitate automated inspection and correction of process hazards.Finally,based on the concept of targeted prevention,a prediction method from hazard states to accident occurrence phases was proposed,along with a corresponding multiple imputation random forest algorithm.These contribute to enhancing the timeliness and accuracy of tower crane accident prediction while providing decision support for hazard management and accident prevention to the management personnel.The variances in accident mechanisms occurring during different phases of tower crane were investigated.The constructed multi-phase hazard system,disaster mechanism,and network model for tower crane provide effective methods for hazard identification and quantification.The proposed process safety monitoring methods,targeted accident prevention techniques,and information systems contribute to timely and effective hazard management and accident prevention.The results have strong reference value for the safety management of tower cranes,which are high-risk equipment in the construction industry. |
PDF Full Text Request