Influence Of Safety Stressors On Construction Workers’ Safety Citizenship Behavior

The construction industry is one of the high-risk industries.Its workplace is rife with work stressors.Due to the uncertainty and complexity of the construction process,safety accidents occur frequently.To reduce the incidence of workplace accidents,academics and managers in the construction industry are increasingly emphasizing the importance of construction workers’ safety citizenship behavior(SCB)in ensuring project safety.SCB is a kind of safety behavior,and it goes beyond safety compliance.SCB aims to support the overall safety of the workplace.Although existing research emphasizes the role of work stressors in workplace safety,the components of construction workers’ safety stressors and the way by which they affect construction workers’ SCB remains unclear.Building upon job demands-resources(JD-R)model,this dissertation(1)identifies the components of safety stressors that construction workers experienced and analyzes the transmission pattern of them,(2)develops a mediation process of safety stressors affecting construction workers’ SCB and explores the boundary condition,and(3)determines the linkage mode of situation-and individual-level factors on shaping SCB.The main content and contributions of this dissertation are as follows.First,existing research has proposed the importance of safety stressors;however,there is a lack of nomological research on safety stressors.Based on exploratory qualitative analysis and empirical research,this dissertation determines the components of safety stressors and analyzes their transmission pattern.An integrated method of decision-making trail and evaluation laboratory(DEMATEL)and interpretive structural modelling(ISM)is improved by the entropy method.The integrated method achieves an effective combination of subjective and objective evaluation.The multilevel hierarchical structure model reveals the critical transmission path of safety stressors,namely “safety role ambiguity→safety role conflict/safety role overload/safety cognition demands→interpersonal safety conflict→job insecurity”.Furthermore,from the perspective of role and relation,role-related safety stressors include safety role ambiguity and safety role conflict,and relation-related safety stressors include interpersonal safety conflict.The safety stressors scale developed by Sampson and colleagues is modified and examined by an empirical study.The scale provides a theoretical basis and measurement standards for the assessment and management of safety stressors of construction companies.Second,previous studies have mostly considered SCB as a general construct,the nomological network of SCB and the influence of team-level safety stressors on construction workers’ SCB are unclear.Employing job demands-resources(JD-R)model,this dissertation develops a model that includes the relationship between safety stressors and two SCBs,i.e.proactive and prosocial safety behaviors,as well as the moderating effects of cognition-and affect-based safety trust on the relationships.The empirical results show that role-related safety stressors have a stronger impact on proactive safety behavior,while relation-related safety stressors have a stronger effect on prosocial safety behavior.In addition,construction workers’ cognition-based safety trust in their safety supervisor moderates the relationship between role-related safety stressors and proactive safety behavior.Construction workers’ affect-based safety trust in their safety supervisor regulates the relationship between relation-related safety stressors,i.e.interpersonal safety conflict and prosocial safety behavior.The findings extend the JD-R model and reveal the heterogeneity of proactive safety behavior and prosocial safety behavior.Furthermore,building upon the JD-R model,this dissertation constructs a cross-level model between safety stressors and SCB of construction workers,that is,the “safety stressors—safety-role orientation—SCB” model.The empirical results show that safety stressors hinder construction workers’ SCB through reducing their safety-role orientation.The finding enriches the theoretical model of SCB in hindrance situations.In addition,the finding reveals the influence mechanism of safety stressors on construction workers’ SCB.It also clarifies the role of the safetyrole orientation in the relationship between safety stressors and SCB from a cognitive perspective.Finally,this dissertation establishes an SCB driving model that integrates situational factors and individual factors from the perspective of complex systems.The fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis(fs QCA)method is used to systematically analyze the interactive effects of safety stressors,safety-role orientation and safety trust on construction workers’ SCB.The results show that there is a variety of configurations of proactive safety behavior and prosocial safety behavior.The interactive-effect model constructed in this dissertation reveals the forming mechanism of construction workers’ SCB.The model supports and extends the empirical research,which is conducive to the refined and integrated management of construction workers’ SCB.Managers should create a positive work environment,specify work design,clarify work interface,and strengthen the training of construction workers’ sense of commitment and safety responsibility,to improve workplace safety.