| Cultivated land ecosystems,as a complex human-land coupling system based on natural ecosystems with a high degree of artificial intervention,are facing serious problems such as shrinking cultivated land area,declining quality and ecological degradation.If we do not study the coupling mechanism between human well-being and the ecosystem service value of arable land,the irreversible degradation of the ecosystem service function of arable land and the aggravation of the problem of unsustainable regional development will seriously damage human well-being and hinder the realization of the goal of ecological civilization construction.At present,no consensus has been reached on the conceptual connotation and value assessment of cropland ecosystems,and there is a lack of a unified framework for assessing the value of cropland ecosystem services as well as an indicator system.How to scientifically construct a research framework for the study of cropland ecosystem services related to human well-being,and measure the value of the well-being(material and non-material)they provide to humans,is of practical significance for the sustainable use of cropland ecosystems and ecological compensation.This study focuses on the coupling relationship between cropland ecosystem services and human well-being,and focuses on two core issues: first,why the capability approach should be applied to the valuation of cropland ecosystem services;and second,how to validate the effectiveness of the framework and guide the optimisation of cropland ecological compensation policies.This paper takes "framework construction-empirical measurement-coupling analysis-policy optimisation" as the logical main line,firstly,it constructs a theoretical framework for the value assessment of cropland ecosystem services under the perspective of capability approach,systematically elaborates the relationship between cropland ecosystem services and human well-being,and establishes an indicator system for value assessment.Secondly,on the basis of selecting Quanzhou County,Binyang County and Guiping City,which are large grain-producing counties in Guangxi,as the study area,the value of ecosystem services of arable land with different functions was measured through the methods of benefit reduction,afforestation cost method,shadow engineering method,result substitution method,selection experiment method and DEA model,combined with the research data.Again,the entropy method and econometric analysis model were applied to measure the sustainable livelihood capital of farmers in the study area,and the validity of the viability assessment framework was verified by comparing the degree of coupling between different frameworks of cropland ecosystems and human well-being using the coupled coordination degree model.Finally,geodetectors are used to detect the influencing factors of the ecological compensation policy for arable land,factor detection and interaction detection are used to analyse the influencing factors,and countermeasure suggestions are targeted.The main research conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)Compared to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment(MA)framework,the capability approach can more systematically explain the coupling relationship between cropland ecosystems and human well-being.In this study,the results of measuring the value of cropland ecosystem services under different assessment frameworks,constructing a sustainable livelihood capital indicator system,and comparing the degree of coordination between cropland ecosystem services and farmers’ sustainable livelihood coupling under different assessment frameworks.The results show that the average value of coupling degree in the study area under the capability approach is 0.8881,indicating that the correlation between cropland ecosystem services and farmers’ livelihood capital is high;the average value of coordination index is 0.2035,indicating that the coordination between the two is poor,and needs to be improved urgently;and the value of coupling coordination is 0.4079,indicating that the coupling coordination situation is general,and the coordination between the two needs to be enhanced on the basis of strong coupling.The average value of coupling degree in the study area under the equivalent factor method is 0.8544,the average value of coordination index is 0.1961,and the value of coupling coordination degree is 0.3897.By comprehensively comparing the results of coupling coordination between cropland ecosystem services and sustainable livelihoods of farmers under the capability approach framework and the equivalent factor method,it can be seen that the coupling coordination degrees of Quanzhou County,Binyang County,Guiping City,and the overall coupling coordination degree of the study area under the capability approach framework are higher than those under the equivalent factor method.The coupling coordination degree under the equivalent factor method further verifies that the capability approach framework is more applicable and feasible.(2)The construction of the capability approach framework under the perspective of human well-being improves the validity of the measurement of the ecosystem service value of arable land.Based on the results of market and non-market value measurement methods,the economic service value of arable land in the three towns of Guiping City is higher than that of Quanzhou and Binyang counties,with the economic service value of Nanmu Town reaching the highest level;In the measure of social stability and social security,the values are Guiping City,Quanzhou County and Binyang County in order from high to low;the value of free choice of arable land and the value of ecological services are Guiping City,Binyang County and Quanzhou County in order from high to low;In the value measure of cultural services,the willingness to pay for aesthetics in Binyang County,Guiping City,and Quanzhou County is6.863 yuan/year/person,7.216 yuan/year/person,and 6.615 yuan/year/person,respectively;The willingness to pay for entertainment is 7.055yuan/year/person,7.641 yuan/year/person,and 5.098 yuan/year/person,respectively;and the willingness to pay for sense of belonging is 2.075yuan/year/person,3.127 yuan/year/person,and 3.049 yuan/year/person,respectively.(3)The interactions of "free choice" among the factors affecting ecological compensation for cropland were all strong.The results of factor detection,interaction detection based on geodetectors show that social stability has the strongest explanatory power of 0.243857 in terms of influencing factors.This is followed by cleaning up the environment and social security with 0.242269 and 0.242261 respectively.The strongest interaction was between "social stability" and "sense of belonging",at 36.41%.This was followed by "gas regulation" and "sense of belonging" with 35.92%;In addition,"free choice" interacted strongly with the other nine impact factors.The strong interaction between capability approach and other functions indicates that in the practice of arable land ecosystem optimization and sustainable management,it is necessary to consider the function characteristics of different driving factors and promote the interaction and collaboration among different driving factors.(4)Optimization of ecological compensation policies for arable land:Based on the connotation of farmers’ welfare capacity,it promotes the realization of sustainable development of arable land.As the main body that directly benefits and participates in the ecological compensation of arable land,the willingness of farmers has a crucial influence on the realization of the actual compensation effect.Cultivated land ecological compensation policy needs to adhere to the people-oriented approach,starting from human needs and aiming at the enhancement of farmers’ welfare capacity,and to innovate the cultivated land ecological compensation method.Based on the results of the assessment of the ecosystem service value of arable land,a sustainable,differentiated and incentive-based arable land eco-compensation policy should be established in order to realize the goal of harmonious coexistence between human beings and nature. |
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