| In the 21st century,the probability of various public health emergencies in cities has been increasing.In particular,major infectious diseases of international concern,such as SARS virus,H1N1 A,and novel corona-virus,have posed great challenges to modern medicine and public health systems.Public health emergencies poses a serious threat to human health and life and property,and brings a severe test to the national emergency command and decision-making capacity and management capability.The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed that we should improve the security capacity for the disposal of major public health emergencies and achieve the goal of effectively curbing the spread of major contagious diseases.However,in the process of urban medical waste transfer,due to the scattered transit temporary storage,lack of systematic supervision and management,failure to establish a digital management mechanism of medical waste and other issues,it is easy to lead to medical waste discarded at will and mixed with domestic waste.This will directly lead to the spread of a new round of diseases.Moreover,under the scenario of public health emergencies,it is not feasible to rely solely on a single organization to deal with medical waste in an emergency.Therefore,how to effectively realize the transfer and disposal of medical waste,how to manage the shortcomings of medical waste disposal based on a multi-body collaborative perspective,and how to build a medical waste transfer network with Chinese characteristics in the context of the normalization of epidemics have become urgent issues in emergency prevention and control of public health emergencies.In view of the above background,this study argues that the key and difficult problems to achieve medical waste transfer and disposal in the face of public health emergencies are reasonable layout of medical waste transfer and temporary storage,optimization of transfer routes and transfer traceability management mechanism.This study is dedicated to solve the following problems:(1)How to arrange the transfer and temporary storage of urban medical waste in a reasonable way?(2)How to optimize the urban medical waste transfer and disposal route?(3)How to optimize the cooperative governance mechanism among government,medical institutions and recycling and disposal enterprises?(4)How to design a medical waste transfer information platform based on block-chain technology?In order to solve the above problems,the main line of research in this thesis is “the location of urban medical waste transfer and temporary storage site under public health emergencies → optimization of transfer path → optimization of transfer network coordination and supervision → construction of transfer information platform”.A systematic analysis model is proposed for the management of urban medical waste.This thesis focuses on the following four aspects: firstly,we establish a model for siting medical waste transshipment temporary storage sites,and propose an immune algorithm based on the idea of clustering to solve the model.The performance of the algorithm is compared by Generalized Rastrigin,Generalized Girewank and other test functions to verify the performance advantages of the algorithm.In the context of the new crown pneumonia epidemic,a simulation optimization analysis is carried out for the problem of siting the medical waste transit staging area in Caidian District,Wuhan City.Second,a medical waste transfer vehicle path optimization model is constructed and an improved ant colony algorithm is proposed for solving the model in the context of a public health emergency.The algorithm is improved around four aspects such as initialization and updating of pheromones,and its performance is compared with that of the traditional ant colony algorithm by testing functions.Finally,the medical waste transfer path optimization problem in Caidian District,Wuhan City is tested to achieve the disposal guidelines of green governance.Third,block-chain technology is introduced to optimize medical waste safety traceability management.Based on a synergistic perspective,a three-party evolutionary game model is constructed for the government,medical institutions and recycling and disposal enterprises.From the aspects of regulation and control of the government,compliant disposal transfer of medical institutions,and ecological and scale transformation of recycling and disposal enterprises,we explore the strategy of multi-party collaborative management of medical waste transfer and disposal.Fourth,the framework and analysis model of traceability management mechanism elements are proposed.The application practice of block-chain medical waste transfer system is carried out and the visualized analysis scenario is constructed,with a view to providing guidance on the application of efficient collaborative medical waste disposal.Through constructing the above model and optimization research,we found that(1)the immune algorithm based on the clustering idea can make up for the defects of the traditional immune algorithm with long iterations,and the global search ability is significantly improved and the performance indexes such as robustness are significantly enhanced.(2)Compared with the traditional ant colony algorithm,the improved ant colony algorithm in this thesis has obvious advantages in reliability,effectiveness and stability.(3)The collaborative development of three parties in the traceability chain of urban medical waste transfer is the source power to solve the safety problem of medical waste transfer and improve the efficiency of transfer.Among them,the government is the core force,and medical institutions and medical waste disposal enterprises need to be effectively connected with it.(4)We introduce block-chain technology into the medical waste transfer information platform to provide an effective application scenario practice for efficient and collaborative medical waste disposal.The contributions and innovations of this thesis are mainly reflected in the following three aspects.(1)In the existing studies,there are few problems of route optimization and selection of transfer points and treatment centers under multi-level transportation networks after public health emergencies are considered.In this thesis,we construct a model for siting and optimizing the transfer paths of medical waste transit staging offices based on public health emergencies.This model provides the optimal cost-benefit site selection and transfer path for the study area,and provides an effective method for the transfer and disposal of medical waste.(2)Existing studies have focused on the selection and evaluation of medical waste management process and path optimization with cost and risk as the optimization objectives,but ignored the outbreak epidemic period in public health emergencies and the time requirements for medical waste disposal in this special phase.Based on the idea of clustering,this thesis proposes an immune algorithm and an improved ant colony algorithm for solving the site selection model and the path optimization model,respectively.The former can make up for the shortcomings of the traditional immune algorithm with long iteration time and high adaptive degree;the latter increases the time window and adjusts the initialization and iteration increments of the pheromone to make the vehicle allocation more reasonable and greatly improve the overall transportation efficiency.(3)Studies on urban medical waste disposal are mostly conducted from the perspective of hospitals,with less involvement in mid-term logistics and transportation and back-end treatment methods.In the context of public health emergencies,urban medical waste transfer and disposal cannot rely on a single organization or department,which requires multi-body and multi-level collaborative prevention and control among various regions and departments.In this thesis,a three-party evolutionary game model for medical waste transfer and disposal is constructed and block-chain technology is introduced.In the face of unexpected public health events,this provides a new method for the safe traceability management of urban medical waste transfer networks and enriches the application of block-chain traceability technology in the safe traceability of medical waste transfer networks.In addition,this thesis adds block-chain traceability technology to the medical waste transfer network and constructs a three-party evolutionary game model for medical waste transfer and disposal from a collaborative perspective.Through the tripartite evolutionary game with reverse supervision strategy,we explore the multifaceted collaborative governance mechanism and provide a scientific basis for the policy formulation of medical waste recycling and disposal industry in China.The research on urban medical waste transfer network is still in the stage of development and construction in my country,but under the current situation that the national society is widely concerned about healthy China and the ecological environment,research in this field has significant practical and theoretical significance.All research institutions should learn from foreign advanced technology and experience,optimize the layout of medical waste transfer temporary storage,improve the route of transfer vehicles and the transfer of medical waste,improve the traceability management mechanism of the transfer network,and optimize the transfer network of medical waste.Through these,the scientific,systematic and effective of medical waste transfer and disposal will be improved.Relevant national and local departments should do a good job of overall planning,so that the related work of medical waste transfer reaches a high-level disposal level with no dead ends,zero omissions,and full prevention and control.In this way,we will consolidate the achievements of epidemic prevention and control and actively conform to the normalized development of epidemic prevention and control.At the same time,it provides policy guidance to promote the sustainable development of medical waste transfer.This is also conducive to building a healthy lifestyle for citizens,a recyclable ecological environment protection system and an orderly social and economic development model. |
PDF Full Text Request