An Impact Of Carbon Emission On Pakistan Under China Pakistan Economic Corridor(CPEC)

The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor(CPEC)is an important part of the broader "Belt and Road" initiative announced by the Chinese government,which includes a series of transportation and energy projects.One of the top priorities for China for these initiatives is to ensure their sustainability,in line with their commitment to green investment principles.To achieve this,factors such as the environment,social impacts,governance and technology need to be considered.In addition,it is also necessary to consider whether the "Belt and Road" project really complies with its declared environmental friendliness.The paper models Pakistan’s carbon emissions,energy consumption,and economic growth to analyze the sustainability of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor.The main research contents of the thesis include the following three aspects:(1)In the initial stage of the study,based on the established theory and evidence,the existing literature was reviewed to study the impact of several key factors on climate change in Pakistan.(2)Select important factors and collect secondary data according to the deductive method,and in the next stage,use the Environmental Kuznets Curve(EKC)to explore the internal logic of the impact of carbon emissions on Pakistan.(3)Using Johansen’s cointegration test to evaluate Pakistan’s environmental status and assess the potential environmental risks of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor(CPEC).The main innovations of the paper are as follows:(1)An econometric model of Pakistan’s carbon emissions impact under the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor is constructed.The model uses cointegration analysis on time-series data for a period of 40 years from 1979 to 2019,incorporating important variable factors(GDP,energy consumption,foreign direct investment,and carbon emissions)to identify dynamic causal relationships in Pakistan’s development status.Furthermore,the paper confirms the existence of a cointegration equation,showing a long-run relationship between CO2 and the independent variable,and a short-term association from energy consumption(EnC)to CO2.(2)A green BAR model is constructed.The model will establish environmental assessment standards and review procedures to ensure that these standards and procedures are implemented in all CPEC(China-Pakistan Economic Corridor)projects in Pakistan.(3)The theoretical model of ITS is proposed.Representing the green ICT industry based on smart transportation,the model provides important guidance for Pakistan’s sustainable development.The findings of the thesis show that Pakistan has the potential to become a highly sustainable economy under the BRI framework,but the implementation of policies and strategies are elements necessary to ensure that these benefits are realized.CO2 emissions have increased in BRI participating countries,highlighting the need for China and corridor economies to implement policy reforms aimed at improving transparency,expanding trade,enhancing debt sustainability,and mitigating environmental and social risks.