| With the implementation of the concept of "Internet plus" and the concept of shared economy in all over the world,pallet pool has been widely recognized as an important part of green supply chain.The construction of pallet pool system in China is just in its infancy,and there are many problems to be solved urgently.Among them,the problem of interest distribution among various stakeholders is one of the main obstacles to the implementation of pallet pool.Pallet pool is a complex system involving many parties,which requires all stakeholders to strengthen coordination and cooperation,share costs and share benefits;at the same time,different ownership of pallet assets has different operation modes and different profit distribution mechanisms.Focusing on the management idea of integrating logistics resources and reducing social logistics costs,and combining closely with the characteristics of logistics industry and market demand of pallet recycling and sharing,guided by game theory,stakeholder and principal-agent theory,and taking the ownership of pallet assets in pallet pool as the starting point,the paper systematically studies the pallet pool mode,basic function mechanism and realization mechanism.According to the theory of supply chain,reverse logistics and pallet pool,the paper studies the current situation of pallet Market,the existing problems,the mode and characteristics of pallet pool in China.The paper analyzes the development of China’s Pallet Market and the main problems existing in pallet pool from the aspects of the market scale of pallets,the freight volume and pallet demand of the whole society,the relevant policies of pallet pool,the course of pallet standardization and relevant standards.From two different dimensions of the basic circulation mode and the construction mode,the paper studies the basic circulation mode,three construction modes and characteristics of pallet pool in China.Starting from the ownership of pallet assets and from the perspective of supply and demand of pallets,the paper puts forward three modes of pallet pool in China: dominated by professional operators,dominated by demand enterprises and participated by third-party platforms.In the preparation stage,participants of different modes need to invest certain infrastructure and equipment.In the sharing system dominated by demand enterprises,the leading enterprise operates & manages the pallet pool and collects the rent,and the sharing partner pays the corresponding rent;in the sharing system dominated by professional operators,the professional operator operates & manages the pallet leasing service and collects the rent,and the demand enterprise pays the rent;in the sharing system participated by the third party platforms,the third party platform provides information services to both the supply and demand sides and collects information service fees,and the professional provider operates & manages the pallet pool and collect rents,which require enterprises to pay rents.Based on the complexity of pallet pool and the influence of limited rationality such as lack of cognition,incomplete information and environmental change,each participant dynamically adjusts the optimal behavior decision to form a relatively optimal strategy.According to the contract theory,the cooperation between the participants should have a formal pallet pool contract to punish the defaulting party and compensate the observant party.In order to carry out the activities of pallet pool smoothly,the paper sets up a penalty mechanism for breach of contract to adjust the benefits of participants.On this basis,an evolutionary game model of pallet pool in different modes under one-to-one scenario is established.Theoretical research is carried out on 24 propositions respectively from the two situations of whether to adapt to the logistics market,and numerical simulation is carried out on the evolutionary stability of each proposition based on the willingness of participants to choose cooperation strategies.The correctness of the theoretical proof is verified.The reasonable setting of liquidated damages in the two-party game pallet pool system dominated by the supply and demand enterprises,and the reasonable setting of fines and rewards in the threeparty game pallet pool system participated by the third-party platform can ensure the smooth development of the pallet pool;the reasonable and scientific prediction of the pallet pool revenue plays a decisive role in the adoption of the sharing cooperation strategy by the supply and demand enterprises;whether the willingness of sharing cooperation is strong,it plays a key role in whether the pallet pool system can be carried out smoothly;pallet pool cannot be separated from the logistics market demand,and the pallet pool system adapted to the market is more stable;the pallet pool system with the participation of the third-party platform is easier to promote the pallet pool system to carry out smoothly,that is,the three-party system is better than the two-party system,and the common participation of the supply and demand enterprises in the two-party system is better than only the demand enterprise participation.From the aspects of incentive,revenue sharing and government guarantee,the paper studies the realization mechanism of pallet pool.For the incentive mechanism,from the two situations of whether the pallet pool is suitable for the logistics market,the paper studies the application effect of the general incentive mechanism and the dynamic incentive mechanism in different situations by numerical simulation and theoretical proof.The dynamic incentive mechanism is better than the general incentive mechanism when the circulation sharing system adapts to the logistics market.The general incentive mechanism is better than the dynamic incentive mechanism when it is not suitable for the logistics market.As for the revenue sharing mechanism,taking a pallet pool system composed of a pallet professional operator,a demand enterprise and a third-party platform as an example,the paper studies the pallet rental price and total profit from the perspective of whether there is revenue sharing coordination mechanism;the revenue sharing mechanism can reduce the pallet rental price and improve the total profit of pallet pool.For the guarantee mechanism,based on the four-party game model of demand enterprises,professional operators,third-party platforms and government participants,the paper studies the evolution stability of each participant and the scenarios and conditions for the smooth implementation of the pallet pool system.When the pallet pool system is not suitable for the logistics market,it needs the support of the government to promote the smooth implementation of the system.When the pallet pool system adapts to the logistics market,it does not need the government’s guarantee.Finally,on the basis of the above research on the mode and implementation mechanism of pallet pool,the paper puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions for establishing the pallet pool system in China.There are 66 figures,54 tables and 203 references in this paper. |
