Study On Rural Tourism Transformation And Development In The Fringe Areas Of Big Cities

Rural tourism research has been a hot topic in recent years both at home and abroad.With the advent of the era of popular tourism,the fringe areas of big cities rely on their unique location and transportation advantages,and tourism development is growing rapidly,becoming the core carrier of rural tourism.However,with the upgrading of tourism consumption and the intensification of regional tourism competition,rural tourism development in the fringe areas of big cities is facing many practical problems,such as homogenization of tourism products,lagging industry,confusion of spatial layout,land shortage,poor management and shortage of talents,which urgently need to be transformed and developed.The 2018 National Conference on Tourism Work put forward that China’s tourism industry has reached the key point from the stage of high-speed growth to the stage of high-quality tourism development,and the transformation of tourism industry is imminent.Rural tourism transformation is an important part of China’s tourism industry transformation.With the change of rural tourism from resource-oriented to market-oriented in fringe areas of big cities,especially in the context of the new era of accelerated replacement of tourism products,market-oriented and business structure,it is not only the inherent demand of the development of tourism geography discipline,but also has a strong application value to explore the transformation and development of rural tourism in Fringe areas of big cities,a special geographical region.The transformation of rural tourism in fringe areas of big cities is the inevitable result of the development of rural tourism industry to a certain stage.It includes not only the optimization of the spatial structure of rural tourism system,but also the all-round improvement of the development level of rural tourism industry.The transformation and development of rural tourism interact and interact with each other.The ultimate goal is to promote the sustainable and healthy development of rural tourism industry.This study attempts to put the rural tourism transformation in the fringe of big cities into the multi-disciplinary perspectives of tourism geography,rural geography,economics,sociology,management,culture and so on.Guided by the theories of system science,urban-rural interaction,regional development and tourism transformation,this paper combines theoretical inquiry with empirical analysis,adopts the methods of literature research,comprehensive analysis,social investigation,case study and quantitative research,and takes Huangpi District of Wuhan City as a typical case area to reveal the towns in fringe areas of big cities.The inherent law and stage experience of village tourism transformation.According to the logical main line of "elements and patterns-Characteristics and problems-process and mechanism-coordination and optimization"of tourist-land relationship,the core chapters mainly include seven parts:The first part is the definition of concept and theoretical basis.The main concepts involved in this study are defined,including regional tourism,big cities,fringe areas of big cities,rural and rural tourism,tourism transformation and development,etc.This paper chooses the theories closely related to the research topics as the theoretical basis,such as system science theory,urban-rural interaction theory,regional development theory,tourism transformation theory and so on,to lay the foundation for the theoretical discussion of rural tourism transformation development in the fringe areas of big cities.The second part is the research progress at home and abroad.Emphasis is laid on sorting out the relevant research literature on rural tourism,tourism transformation and tourism development in the fringe areas of big cities.Through the summary of research,this paper summarizes the current research situation,the core problems in the study,and the content to be broken through urgently,and leads to the scientific problems and research significance of this study.The third part is the development of rural tourism in fringe areas of big cities under the background of transformation.The development of rural tourism in fringe areas of big cities can not be separated from the background of China’s tourism transformation,which is the only way for sustainable development and competitiveness of regional tourism.The development of rural tourism in the fringe areas of big cities has significant transformation characteristics in market consumption,product supply,spatial structure,development and evolution,and there are many types of development.At the same time,rural tourism development in urban fringe is facing many practical problems,such as unbalanced tourism development space,insufficient effective supply of tourism products,irrational development of tourism enterprises and unreasonable development promotion mechanism,which leads to theoretical exploration and empirical analysis of rural tourism transformation in fringe areas of big cities.The fourth part is about the theory of rural tourism transformation in the fringe of big cities.According to the basic idea of system science,this paper studies the urban fringe area as a whole geographical unit and tourist destination,and puts forward the general idea of rural tourism transformation in urban fringe area from the aspects of transformation principle,transformation goal and transformation strategy.In addition,the transition stage,transformation dimension,influencing factors and dynamic system of rural tourism in fringe areas of big cities are clearly put forward,and the theoretical cognitive system of rural tourism transformation in fringe areas of big cities is established.The fifth part is the process,mechanism and model of rural tourism transformation in Huangpi District.Firstly,it makes a general analysis of the rural tourism development in Huangpi District,mainly including the basic situation of Huangpi District,the development process of rural tourism,the development effect of rural tourism,the development model of rural tourism,the problems of rural tourism development,etc.Secondly,it reviews and summarizes the process of rural tourism transformation in Huangpi District,from the transformation of tourism products,the transformation of spatial structure,the transformation of participants and tourism.Four aspects of tourism effect transformation are elaborated emphatically;Thirdly,the mechanism of rural tourism transformation in Huangpi District is analyzed from the aspects of influencing factors of transformation,internal driving force of transformation and general thinking of transformation.Finally,the transformation mode of rural tourism in Huangpi District is summarized,and four major transformation modes of rural tourism,namely,scenic spot upgrading mode,community upgrading mode,cultural reconstruction mode and theme leisure mode.The sixth part is a typical case of rural tourism transformation and development in Huangpi District.Taking Mulan Grassland Scenic Area and Dutang Village,the most representative rural tourism transformation development in Huangpi District,as typical case points,and taking process,mechanism and effect as the breakthrough point,this paper summarizes two different rural tourism transformation development modes:traditional scenic area and new tourism village.Mulan grassland transformation development model is an important practice of Huangpi rural tourism transformation "scenic upgrading model",a typical case of enterprise-led and scenic villages;Dutang Village transformation development model is an important practice of "community upgrading model" in Huangpi district,a typical case of village-enterprise alliance and integrated development of scenic villages.The seventh part is the obstacles,paths and trends of rural tourism transformation in Huangpi District.It clearly puts forward the "three obstacles,seven paths and three trends" of rural tourism transformation in Huangpi District.The transformation and development of rural tourism in Huangpi District are faced with some unavoidable obstacles,such as institutional obstacles,demand obstacles and capacity obstacles.Huangpi District’s rural tourism transformation path includes innovative ideas,promoting reform and innovation;enriching supply,promoting product upgrading;tapping demand,subdividing consumer market;scientific layout,optimizing spatial structure;improving function,reconstructing regional function;integrating symbiosis,enhancing regional cooperation;strengthening security,improving transformation mechanism,etc.The trend of rural tourism transformation in Huangpi District includes the emergence of new forms of tourism,the deepening integration of tourism industry,and the rural transformation and reconstruction guided by tourism development.Through the systematic study of rural tourism transformation and development in urban fringe areas,the following conclusions are drawn:①As the core carrying area of rural tourism,the development of rural tourism in the fringe of big cities is characterized by "two prosperous supply and demand",and is in the critical stage of transformation and development.② The rural tourism transformation in the fringe of big cities can not be separated from the background of China’s tourism transformation,which is an important part of regional tourism transformation.Under the background of transformation,rural tourism development in metropolitan fringe has its unique characteristics and inherent laws,and faces many practical problems.③The rural tourism transformation in the fringe of big cities is a multi-dimensional,dynamic and comprehensive giant system.In the process of implementing the transformation,it is necessary to clarify the general idea,divide the stages well,define the transformation dimension,and establish a systematic theoretical cognition combining the influencing factors and the dynamic system.④ Huangpi District of Wuhan City is an early area of rural tourism development in the urban fringe of Wuhan.The conditions of rural tourism development and transformation are relatively mature,which is typical and representative of the study.Based on the overall analysis of rural tourism development in Huangpi District,the process,mechanism and model of rural tourism transformation in Huangpi District are summarized and refined.⑤At the micro level,the typical scenic spots and villages of rural tourism transformation in Huangrpi District are deeply analyzed,and the stage empirical experience of rural tourism transformation in Huangpi District is summarized.⑥Rural tourism transformation is a "progressive" rather than a "complete" process.It is also a systematic and historic process.It can not be carried out too quickly,can not be accomplished overnight,and must follow its inherent law of development.