| China’s reform and opening up has been for35years, open from the coastal to theinland, from the field of trade in goods to the field of service trade, from foreign capital"bringing in" strategy to domestic capital "going out" strategy. China economy hassuccessfully realized the transition from closed economy to open economy, which led tochina’s economy "boom".In recent years, profound changes have taken place in the economic situation andthe environment at home and abroad. Affected by the world financial crisis, adding toglobal economic imbalances, the world economic downturn has become the new normal.International trade protectionism is on the rise, the domestic manufacturing industryovercapacity and rising production costs, shortage of resources and environmentalresponsibility issues have become increasingly prominent, etc. Chinese open economyhas been standing in the new historical starting point. The eighteenth plenary of the ThirdPlenary Session stressed that deepening the reform comprehensively, put forward"constructing a new system of the open economy".In the background of deepening China’s open economic reform, many scholarsbegan to do review and research through in-depth analysis on China’s open economicreform history which was more than30years of development, and to find the problem toprovide reference and development countermeasures for Chinese open economy’s furthersustainable development. This paper is under this background, based on the theory ofsustainable development theory, the new open economic macroeconomics theory and theinternational labor division theory, analysis in-depth the historical evolution and the stagecharacteristics of the development of the open economy in China. This paper evaluatedthe Chinese open economic performance for more than30years development byconstructing Chinese open economic performance evaluation index system. In order tofind the problems in the development of performance evaluation, this paper analyzed theinternal and external conditions in the Chinese open economy. Finally, in order toimprove Chinese open economic performance, it put forward correspondingcountermeasures so as to guide development planning and to play a reference and policyrecommendations for China. This thesis is divided into seven chapters, the main research contents include:The first chapter is the introduction, described the background and significance ofthe topic, based on the review of the status of research at home and abroad, put forwardthe thesis research ideas，the content，research methods and the innovation of the paper.The second chapter summarized and analyzed the basic theory guiding China’s openeconomy development, including: sustainable development theory, the theory ofinternational division of labor, the new open macroeconomic theory and the theory ofnew institutional economics.The third chapter comprehensively reviewed the development course of China’s30years open economy from the historical context. The history of the development ofChina’s open economy is a part of the history of reform and innovation, accompanied bya series of policy and institutional innovation and change. This paper reviewed thehistory of the development of China’s open economy for more than30years from theperspective of institutional change, China’s open economy development history wasdivided into five stages: the special policy exploration stage (1978-1991), theinstitutional formation stage (1992-2001), internationalization development stage(2002-2006), institutional deepening stage (2007-2012) and the stage of institutioninnovation (2013-), three basic characteristics are respectively from the main content,development and achieved initial results are analyzed.The fourth chapter set up a comprehensive index system of performance of Chineseopen economic development. The research shows that, with the development of theworld economy, the connotation of the open economy is a dynamic development, itsbasic characteristics are: The open economy is a form corresponding to the closedeconomy, have qualitative difference between the two; In an open economy, goods,capital, labor, elements of technology can be more free flowing across borders, itsliquidity has continued to strengthen and tended to no limit; the participation in theinternational division of labor, and optimizing the allocation of resources in the globalscope and increasing the production efficiency; the government carried out in accordancewith the basic mechanism and rules of the market economy, and government functionand market mechanism go to coordinate continuously. From the connotation of the openeconomy, based on generalized angle, following the principles of the combination of comprehensive and outstanding, scientific and operational, dynamic and stable, integrityand independence, generality and comparability, to build a comprehensive assessmentindex system for Chinese open economic development, which contains three aspects ofthe economic development performance, the social development performance and theresource and environment performance, which has a total of37specific indicators.The fifth chapter made an empirical evaluation of the performance of China’s openeconomic development. According to the comprehensive evaluation index system ofChina ‘s open economic performance, the paper selected the research range of1985-1985,37indicators were collected relevant data in a total of28years, using the principalcomponent analysis method to evaluate the performance of China’s open economydevelopment. Results: China’s open economic development performance has formed theinverted u-shaped curve characteristics obviously. China’s open economy developmentperformance scores the highest in2006, China’s open economic developmentperformance showed the characteristics of the instability of the decline after2007years.The year-on-year rate of decline in2007,2008and2011year up to more than28%, thedecline rate in2012slowed, by3.7%, the overall situation is not optimistic. According tothe characteristics of the performance evaluation index data, this paper deeply analyzedthe reasons for the performance decline in recent years in China ‘s open economicdevelopment, that the main reasons are: the economic growth rate is declining, foreigntrade and foreign investment to the economic growth has pulled down, service tradedevelopment lags behind and its international competitiveness is low, technologyinnovation efficiency has declined recently, the labor employment elasticity decline andemployment pressure increases, resources and environmental pressures increase, etc.The sixth chapter analyzed the internal and external conditions China’s openingeconomic development faced. Further analyzed the external opportunities and risks,internal strengths and weaknesses that China’s open economy is currently facing, providea basis for the development countermeasure research for improving China’s openeconomic performance.The seventh chapter made in-depth research on countermeasures and measures forimproving China’s open economic development performance. This paper proposed thecorresponding countermeasures and the suggestions from five aspects of developing the international cooperation, reforming and innovating management system, perfecting thelegal system, accelerating the innovation of the policy and innovating the resource andenvironment development strategy. |
