| Diabetes has developed into a systemic metabolic disease that spreads globally,and is gradually showing a trend of younger age.The digestive tract such as the gastrointestinal tract,as a place for the digestion and absorption of nutrients,is closely related to the occurrence and development of diabetes.Konjac glucomannan(KGM),as a beneficial dietary fiber,has been extensively studied in the fields of obesity and diabetes,proving its unique advantages in the treatment of metabolic diseases.Yunv Detection comes from "Jing Yue Quan Shu" by doctor Jingyue Zhang in Ming dynasty,it has the effects of clearing stomach heat,nourishing yin and promoting body fluid.Many studies have proven its hypoglycemic effect.However,there is still a lack of in-depth research on the hypoglycemic mechanism of konjac and Yunv detection from the perspective of gastric emptying,and its specific mechanism is worthy of further exploration.From the perspective of gastric emptying,this experiment further confirmed the protective and repairing effect of the combination of medicine and food on islet cells,and explored its mechanism.Objective:This experiment took diabetic model rats as the research object to observe the protective effect of konjac dietary fiber food and Yunv detection on the islet cells and the intervention effect of gastric emptying exercise of DM rats induced by high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin.And discuss the material basis and mechanism of the effects of konjac dietary fiber food and Yunv detection intervention from the perspectives of molecular biology and pathomorphology.Hope to provide a combination of medicine and food intervention methods for the primary and secondary prevention and treatment of diabetes.Methods:1.8-week-old SPF male rat were randomly divided into 5 groups.Experimental intervention was carried out after 3 days of adaptive feeding.The experiment is divided into 5 groups:control group,konjac high-dose group,konjac medium-dose group,Yunv high-dose group,Yunv low-dose group.Gavage for 1 week,monitor body weight and appropriate changes every day.One week after gavage,SPECT radiography was used to observe the gastric emptying rate and half-empty time of each group,and immunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to detect the expression of Ghrelin and Gastrin in the gastric antrum.2.4-week-old SPF male rat were randomly divided into 9 groups.After 4 weeks of high-fat feed,small doses of STZ were injected intraperitoneally at 4 hours intervals to build the model,and the high-fat feed was fed to maintain a stable model for one week.The experiment is divided into 9 groups:Normal group,model group,acarbose group,konjac high-dose group,konjac medium-dose group,konjac low-dose group,Yunv high-dose group,Yunv medium-dose group,Yunv low-dose group.Gavage for 4 weeks,monitor the body weight every week,the fasting blood glucose of rats was measured at the 0th week,1st week,2nd week,3rd week,4th week of administration.The rats in each group were intervened for 4 weeks and the fasting blood glucose was measured,and then were given 2g/kg glucose solution by gavage.The blood glucose values were measured at 30min,60min and 120min after the glucose load.Draw the OGTT curve according to the blood glucose value at each time point,and calculate the area under the blood glucose curve.SPECT radionuclide imaging technology was used to observe the gastric emptying rate and half-empty time of each group.And take blood to test fasting insulin,and then calculate the HOMA-IR and HOMA-IAI.Perform HE staining of pancreas and antrum,immunohistochemical staining on the number and morphology of pancreatic β cells and gastric antrum Cajal cells,and calculate the average optical density value.Detecting the expression of Ghrelin hormone in gastric antrum and serum of rats by Elisa method.RT-PCR technique to detect the expression of GHRS mRNA in gastric antrum.Results:1.Effect of konjac dietary fiber food and Yunv on body weight and food intake of normal rats:When the experiments were started,the weight of the rats in each group gradually increased,and the control group rose fastest after the 7-day gavage,and the weight was the largest.The konjac high-dose group has the slowest increase and the smallest in body weight,followed by the Yunv high-dose group.From the 5th day,the control group is significantly more important than the konjac high-dose group(P<0.05).The daily food intake of the control group was the largest,and the daily food intake of each administration group did not increase significantly or even declined.The high-dose konjac group had the most effective effect,followed by Yunv high-dose group.2.Effect of konjac dietary fiber food and Yunv detection on gastric emptying function of normal rats:The 60min emptying rate of other groups was reduced to different degrees compared with the control group,and the difference was the most obvious in the high-dose konjac group(P<0.05).Although the other three groups did not show statistical significance,the trend of slowing down the emptying rate was also obvious(P>0.05).Similarly,the control group has the shortest gastric half-empty time,and there are statistical differences compared with the other groups(P<0.05),the difference is more significant compared with the konjac high-dose group(P<0.01).3.Effect of konjac dietary fiber food and Yunv detection on gastric antrum Ghrelin and Gastrin:The level of Ghrelin in gastric antrum tissue of rats in the high-dose konjac group and the high-dose group of Yunv detection significantly decreased,and the level of Gastrin increased significantly(P<0.01),while the rising trend of dose in the two groups was the second.4.Effect of Konjac Dietary Fiber Food and Yunv Decoction on fangsting blood and Glucose Tolerance of Diabetic Rats:After successful model building,the fasting blood glucose levels of the model group,acarbose group,konjac and Yunv high-dose groups were significantly higher than the control group(<0.01).At 30 minutes of OGTT,the blood glucose level of rats in each group increased significantly,and the blood glucose of the model group reached its peak.Compared with the model group,the blood glucose levels of the rats in the acarbose group,konjac high-dose group,and Yunvjian high-dose group decreased significantly(P<0.01).At 60 min of OGTT,the blood glucose level of the decoction group in each administration group reached the peak,but it was still significantly lower than that of the model group(P<0.05).At 120 minutes,compared with the model group,the blood glucose levels of the acarbose group,the high-dose konjac group,and the high-dose Yunv group all decreased significantly(P<0.05).5.Effect of Konjac Dietary Fiber Food and Yunv Decoction on insulin secret and HOMA-IR:Compared with the normal group,the fasting insulin level of the model group decreased significantly(P<0.01);HOMA-IR index increased significantly(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the fasting insulin levels and HOMA-IAI index of the Acarbose group,the high-dose konjac group,and the high-dose Yunujian group all increased significantly(P<0.05).6.The effect of konjac dietary fiber food and Yunv detection on the morphology of pancreas in diabetic rats:The pancreas of rats in the normal group had a large number of islets,regular morphology,round or oval,uniform distribution,clear borders,abundant β cells,full morphology,lightly stained color,and tightly and regular arrangement.The nucleus is obviously oval and the cytoplasm is full.In the model group,the number of pancreatic islets is reduced,the area is shrinking,the arrangement is irregular,the boundary with the pancreas is not clear,the structure is disordered,the cytoplasm in the pancreatic islets is less,the exocrine glands invade inward,and part of the nucleus shrinks and divides.In the acarbose group,the structure of the islets is regular,the surrounding cytoplasm is relatively reduced,and the number of β cells are increased.The high-dose konjac and Yunv high-dose groups are similar to acarbose,the pancreatic islets are slightly atrophy,the shape is approximately regular,and the boundary with exocrine is relatively clear.There was no significant change in other dose groups.7.Effect of konjac dietary fiber food and Yunv detection on the pancreatic β-cell expression and morphology:The pancreatic islet β cells of the normal group of rats gathered in the center of the islets,crowded tightly,in a large number,stained darker,and orange red.The number of pancreatic islet β cells in the model group was significantly reduced,and they were sparsely arranged and unevenly distributed compared to the normal group.The number of β cells in the acarbose group,konjac high-dose group and Yunv high-dose group was significantly increased,distributed in the center,and the middle and low-dose group had no significant change compared with the model group.8.Effect of konjac dietary fiber food and Yunv detection on the gastric emptying function in diabetic rats:Compared with the normal group,the 1h emptying rate of rats was significantly slower(P<0.05),and no significant changes before and after administration(P>0.05).Compared with the model group,the emptying rate of acarbose group,konjac high-dose group and Yunv high-dose group was significantly increased,and the half-row time was shortened(P<0.05).9.Effect of konjac dietary fiber food and Yunv detection on the pathological changes of gastric antrum:In the normal group,the gastric mucosa,submucosa,muscularis and serous membrane of the gastric antrum in the normal group have clear structures,and the cells in the mucosal layer are arranged regularly and tightly,and no pathological changes.In the model group,the arrangement of cells in the mucosal layer of gastric antrum was loose and chaotic,the intercellular space was enlarged,and the muscular ring muscle was obviously thinned.Compared with the model group,the acarbose group is relatively regular and dense,and the mucosa and submucosa are arranged relatively neatly.The high-dose konjac and Yunv high-dose groups were similar to acarbose,with reduced intercellular space,no vacuole formation,and no telangiectasia.10.Effect of konjac dietary fiber food and Yunv detection on Cajal cell of gastric antrum:Compared with the normal group,the number of c-kit in the model group was significantly reduced,the cells atrophied,and the staining was light yellow.The number of cells in the acarbose group,konjac high-dose and Yunv high-dose groups decreased slightly,but their morphology was normal.The middle and low-dose groups gradually became paler,less in number,and abnormal in cell morphology.11.Effect of konjac dietary fiber food and Yunv detection on Ghrelin and GHSR mRNA levels:Compared with the normal group,the gastric ghrelin level of diabetic rats was significantly decreased.Compared with model group,acarbose stomach artum and plasma ghrelin levels were increased significantly.The levels of ghrelin in gastric antrum increased to varying degrees after administration of konjac and yunv detection in each administration group,especially in the high-dose konjac group and the high-dose group of Yunv detection(P<0.05).Only the low-dose konjac group showed significant changes in serum(P<0.05).Similar to the Ghrelin trend,the expression of GHSR mRNA in the antrum of diabetic rats was significantly reduced(P<0.05).The expression of GHSR mRNA in the antrum of the acarbose group was significantly increased(P<0.01).Each dose group of konjac administration has an increasing trend,but only the middle dose group of konjac has a significant change(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the expression of GHSR mRNA in the gastric antrum of the Yunv high and low dose groups increased significantly,and more than that of the acarbose group.Conclusion:1.Konjac dietary fiber food and Yunv detection have the health care function of inhibiting the increase in food intake and weight of normal rats.It can significantly inhibit the emptying rate of normal rats and enhance the feeling of fullness in rats.The mechanism may be related to the two-way regulation of the secretion of Ghrelin and Gastrin hormones.2.Konjac dietary fiber food and Yunv detection can significantly improve glucose metabolism,pancreatic islet function,and pancreatic tissue structure in T2DM rats.It can significantly improve the morphology and function of pancreatic β-cells and promote insulin secretion.3.The protective effect of konjac dietary fiber food and Yunv detection on T2DM rats and pancreatic β cells may be by promoting gastric emptying function,repairing gastric antrum smooth muscle damage,and improving the number and morphology of Cajal interstitial cells.At the same time,promoting the release of gastric Ghrelin hormone is related to the expression of GHRS mRNA level.4.Konjac dietary fiber food and Yunv detection can via promote gastric emptying to improve pancreatic islet β cells and high glucose status in diabetic rats.Early attention to the regulation of diet will play a very high role in the prevention of diabetes.Chinese medicine for reducing blood sugar requires large doses,high concentrations,and long-term intervention,but the overall long-term effect is better than simple diet controlInnovation:1.In this study,based on the idea of the same source of medicine and food,and the combination of medicine and food,explore the effects of konjac dietary fiber food and Yunv detection to protect pancreatic islet cells,promote insulin secretion,and improve blood sugar.In line with the development direction of national traditional Chinese medicine.Provide new interventions for the primary and secondary prevention and treatment of diabetes.Provide reference for the future development of new medicines and health care products with the same source of medicine and food.2.Different from previous studies that only focused on the complication of diabetic gastroparesis.This study explored the hypoglycemic effect of konjac dietary fiber food and Yunv detection on diabetic rats from the perspective of gastric emptying function,and take a preliminary research and discussion on its potential mechanism.Provide new ideas for future clinical and scientific research on diabetes prevention and treatment. |
PDF Full Text Request