Study On Landscape Genetic Variation Mechanism Of Traditional Rural Settlements In Shaanxi Province And Its Restoration

Traditional rural settlements are the precious heritages of Chinese agricultural civilization as well as the key objects of rural revitalization.Shaanxi province is one of the main cradles of Chinese civilization,especially Chinese agricultural civilization,which has a long history and typical traditional rural settlements landscape.Landscape gene theory is an excellent theory and also a method to explain the formation,development and evolution of traditional rural settlements landscape by referring to the theory and method of biological gene expression,inheritance and variation.Therefore,combined with the specific characteristics of the traditional rural settlements landscape in Shaanxi,this study takes 113 national traditional villages in Shaanxi province as the research samples,applies the main theoretical system and research methods of the landscape gene theory to comprehensively and systematically study the variation mechanism and restoration of landscape gene of the traditional rural settlements in Shaanxi province according to the three scales of Shaanxi province,traditional rural settlements landscape cultural ecological zone and individual settlement.First of all,through the analysis of research progress of traditional rural settlements landscape and the landscape gene domestically and abroad,we found that the genetic variability of traditional rural settlements landscape is a research field that has not been deeply explored by domestic and foreign scholars,while the traditional rural settlements in Shaanxi province reflect some certain landscape gene variation trend,therefore,the variation mechanism and restoration research is an unsolved scientific issue.Afterwards,the basic characteristics of traditional rural settlements in Shaanxi,the landscape gene identification and extraction,and the maps construction are studied at the provincial scale(macro scale),which served as an important basis for the study of landscape gene variability.Firstly,the overall natural and human historical environment of the formation of traditional rural settlements in Shaanxi province is sorted out,and the historical evolution and basic characteristics are discussed.Moreover,the overall patterns of traditional rural settlements in Shaanxi province are studied from the two dimensions of temporal and spatial simultaneously.Then,a landscape gene identification index system suitable for traditional rural settlements in Shaanxi province is proposed,and its landscape genes are identified and extracted.The basic characteristics of landscape genes and spatial characteristics of different landscape characteristic types of settlements are analyzed.On this basis,taking landscape gene analysis as the main research method,this paper puts forward the overall mechanism of the formation and expression of traditional rural settlements landscape in Shaanxi Province,and further puts forward the mapping system suitable for Shaanxi traditional rural settlements landscape genome,and systematically constructs its maps.Then,by using the method of map analysis,the overall mechanism of inheritance and renewal of traditional rural settlements landscape in Shaanxi Province is put forward,and the general trend of inheritance and variation is analyzed.After that,on the scale of cultural ecological area(mesoscale),some core theoretical issues of landscape genetic variability research,such as the characteristics of variation,variation mechanism and variability determination of traditional rural settlements landscape,are systematically studied.Firstly,the landscape image and landscape genetic information chain of Shaanxi traditional rural settlements are constructed.Then,the traditional rural settlements landscape in Shaanxi is divided into cultural and ecological areas,and the genetic variation characteristics of each region are analyzed,and the regional landscape genetic identification system is further constructed.On this basis,the overall variation mechanism of landscape genes in traditional rural settlements in Shaanxi is proposed,and the characteristics of the overall variation are analyzed.The operational process of landscape genetic variability determination is also discussed.Finally,we mainly carry out the research of individual settlement scale(the microscopic scale).A theoretical framework for the restoration of landscape genetic information chain in traditional rural settlements is put forward at first.And then,with qualitative research as the main research method,according to the theoretical framework of restoration,four typical variable settlements in Shaanxi province are taken as examples to discuss how to restore the genetic information chain in the landscape of the variable settlements.On this basis,the main protection and utilization mode of traditional rural settlements landscape based on landscape genetic information chain restoration are proposed.This research adopts the related research methods of landscape genes theory,on the basis of identifying Shaanxi provincal traditional rural settlements landscape genes and constructing its landscape genome maps systematically,the essential issues including the mechanism of the formation and expression,the overall mechanism of inheritance and update,the overall variation mechanism,the landscape genetic information chain and the regional landscape genetic identification system of the traditional rural settlements landscape genes in Shaanxi province,are studied in depth in this study.The key issues such as the variation characteristics and mechanism of the traditional rural settlements landscape genes in Shaanxi province are clarified.The landscape genetic information chain of traditional rural settlements with typical variation in Shaanxi province are repaired and its practical application is discussed,which provides new theory and methods for the conservation,revitalization and rational utilization of traditional rural settlements.This study combined with the landscape characteristics of traditional rural settlements in Shaanxi province to carry out corresponding research,pushing landscape gene research from the national level to the regional level,and moving into a new field of landscape gene variation and restoration research,which has a certain positive significance for promoting the development of landscape gene theory.