The Residential Space Integration Logic And Effect Of Public Housing Institutional Reforms During China's Urbanization

The polarization of the rich and the poor and the residential segregation brought about by the development of urbanization,have always plagued the urban governance of all countries in the world.China implemented the urban state-owned land reform and housing market reform in the 1990s,under the guidance of the concept of Managing City,the rapid development of the real estate market has formed a crowding-out effect on the public housing supply of low-income groups.The central government's focus on urban public housing needy groups in 2007 and response to the 2008 global financial crisis.Chinese cities have started the construction cycle of large-scale affordable housing.In this period of system transformation,the urban government is facing the limitations of their strengths and inherent barriers,creating an institutional innovation to solve the public housing supply.Public Housing MixedIncome Development Reforms,it has become a new feature of China's urban public housing reform in the new era.This article summarizes the theoretical features contained in the system innovation as Urban Residential Space Integration Shaped by the Dual Forces of Government and Market,through the observation of two cases of the policy process of Public Housing Mixed-Income Development and the disputes form mixed-living communities,and uses quantitative data to analyze the mixedliving pattern Evaluation of the policy effects.Then,summarize and refine the theoretical connotation of the residential space integration and its policy effects.In the terms of theoretical basis,the paper drawing on the theoretical perspectives in Logan and Moloch's book titled Urban fortunes the political economy of the place,the theoretical concept of the commercialization of residential space is proposed.Use value and exchange value are two-dimensional attributes of space commercialization.Among them,the use-value of residential space is expressed as space benefits and space symbols,while the exchange value of residential space is expressed as land rent.While the commercialization of residential space has greatly created urban wealth,it has also brought about negative effects such as increased polarization between the rich and the poor and residential segregation.Government intervention is a political force that suppresses the negative effects of space commodification.Government regulations and market capital have jointly shaped the institutional reform of urban residential space governance.Combining with China's dual-track system of urban land supply and house supply,a theoretical analysis perspective of the residential space integration is proposed.Based on the two dimensions of the urban land supply institution and the housing supply institution,it sorts out the institutional characteristics and changing trends of urban residential space governance in different historical stages over the 70 years,since the founding of the People's Republic of China.In terms of research methods,this article mainly uses case studies,questionnaire surveys,and other methods to conduct an empirical analysis of the policy process and effects of Public Housing Mixed-Income Development Reforms.The field survey lasted 28 months,the number of interviews reached more than 60 individuals,and a large amount of text file data analysis.It is mainly divided into three empirical analyses.First,select a case of the policy process for the construction of public housing from 2007 to 2020 in a sub-provincial metropolis in the eastern province.The detailed presentation of the two important stages,which are the land supply and housing supply in the process of public housing mixed-income development reforms.It reveals the interaction process of political and economic,which are surrounding the differential rent of urban land within different levels of government,between governments and the market.Second,take the five separation wall dispute cases in Q City and B City from Eastern Provinces.Grounded theoretical research shows that the essence of the conflict in mixed-tenure communities.The study found that the essence of mixed-living community conflict,including conflicts of interest and conflicts of ideas caused by different actors around the use value and exchange value,which are generated under the combined effect of the boundary mechanism of physical space,the boundary mechanism of psychological space,and the situation of government regulation.Third,based on 797 questionnaire survey data on subjective perceptions of residents in Q city,the policy effect of the mixed-living community model is evaluated.The study found that the mixed-tenure community model has significant differences in the mixed living willingness from different types of housing property.Among them,the mixed living willingness of commercial housing residents is significantly lower than that of public housing,but the mixed living willingness of property-ownership public housing residents is higher than that of renting public housing.It shows that the type of housing property has a significant impact on the willingness to live together,and it futher validates some of the findings in Chapter 5.However,in terms of whole residential welfare,compared with the centralized public housing construction model,the mixed-tenure community model has significantly improved the housing improvement evaluation,housing acquisition channels evaluation and housing acquisition system evaluation from public housing.In terms of community management satisfaction and sense of belonging in the community,the mixed housing model is also significantly higher than the centralized construction of public housing communities.The empirical results confirmed the positive effects of the mixed-tenure community model in practice.The core argument of this article is,the creation of the Public Housing MixedIncome Development Reforms can be summarized as residential space integration.Specifically speaking,in the deepening stage of the process of urbanization,the city government based on the constraints of internal and external institutions,re-allocates the urban stock land through the power of spatial planning,embeds the governmentled welfare living space into the market-oriented living space,and realizes the organic integration of two different living space resource allocation methods with the government and the market,thus takes into account the realization of multiple goals of public policy with political benefits,economic benefits,and social integration.In this process,based on differences in organizational goals and perceptions of interest,multiple stakeholders have internal conflicts around the use value and exchange value of residential space,creating a dynamic picture of spatial equilibrium and spatial differentiation,and the coexistence of spatial conflict and spatial inclusive.Finally,based on the possible negative effects of the residential space integration process,three optimization paths are proposed.Reshape the role of urban government and the limits of regulation;construct urban residential space participation based on the needs of residents;strengthen the cognitive adjustment of urban public housing concepts.At the same time,this article makes useful knowledge enhancements in the theories of the political economy of Chinese urban space and justice of residential space.