| In March 2015,the state council of the CPC central committee issued several opinions on further deepening and deepening the reform of the electric power system(no.9[2015]),and a new round of electricity system reform was launched.The document determined the institutional structure of "controlling the middle,letting go of both ends",and giving full play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation.Through several years of development,the construction of China's electric power market has achieved initial results,and eight spot market pilot steady progress,medium-and long-term trading,spot trading as a supplement to the power market system is taking shape.Under this background,the development environment of new energy represented by wind power has changed greatly,with the gradual expansion of the power generation plan,the traditional full-guaranteed acquisition policy will withdraw from the stage,and the market has become an important way for new energy consumption.Due to the volatility and randomness of wind power,there is a natural disadvantage for wind power to participate in the market.How to design a full-market trading mechanism for mid-to-long-term,spot,and auxiliary services for wind power in accordance with the actual situation in China,so as to achieve the goal of new energy consumption,is a key issue to be solved in China's power market construction.Therefore,this paper focuses on the absorption of wind power,from the mid-long term market to the spot market,from the day-ahead market to the real-time market,and studies the trading mechanism and optimization operation of the power market.The main research contents are as follows:(1)The development status and trading system of domestic and foreign electricity market are summarized.Firstly,this paper studies the development status of typical power markets in China and abroad,summarizes the basic situation of power markets in China,the United States,the United Kingdom,northern Europe and other countries,and analyzes the general situation of power industry and power reform process of each country.Then,according to the current situation of the electricity market in each country,the paper introduces the electricity market trading system of each country from the dispatching organization and trading market.Finally,this paper based on electric power reform environment,and in combination with the practical situation of economic development,resources endowment,etc,and this paper analyzes the trading path of wind power participating in multi-stage electric power market based on three aspects:wind and fire baling participating in medium and long term electric power contract transaction,wind and wind storage cooperating participating in short term electric power transaction and wind power peaking auxiliary service transaction.This will pave the way for the research of power transaction optimization model and operation mode in the following chapters.(2)An optimization model of wind power-thermal power participation in long-term power contract transaction is proposed.Firstly,the electricity quantity determination and electricity price determination models of annual bilateral negotiation transaction,monthly centralized bidding transaction and listed transaction were established.And the annual decomposition to month,monthly decomposition to day and daily decomposition time of medium and long term market contract electricity are introduced.Then,the paper proposes two ways for wind power and thermal power to participate in the power market,and comprehensively considers such issues as system backup,wind abandoning punishment and green card transaction.Based on this,the independent market transaction model and the joint market transaction model are established,and the maximum benefit of the generation side is studied under the constraints of power balance and system reserve.Finally,the results of example analysis show that the joint participation of wind power and thermal power in the power market has extra benefits compared with the single participation,which not only overcomes the threat of wind power output fluctuation to the system,but also improves the energy utilization efficiency.(3)An optimization model of wind-light-storage participating in day-ahead power transaction is presented under risk-neutral scenario and risk-neutral scenario.Firstly,the uncertainty analysis model of wind-light-storage system and its treatment method are established.Secondly,the optimization models of wind-light-storage independent participation in day-ahead trading and cooperative participation in day-ahead trading under the risk-neutral scenario are constructed.Then,constructed an optimization model based on CvaR for non-neutral least-wind-light-storage-participation in day-ahead trading to study the benefits of wind-light-storage-participation in day-ahead trading under different risk confidence levels.Finally,proposed a case study is carried out in a typical area,and the optimal strategy of wind-light-storage cooperation in day-ahead power transaction considering the uncertainty and risk of clean energy output.(4)A model of real-time electricity bidding transaction involving wind power-pumped storage power station is proposed.The wind-pumped storage joint venture can increase the consumption rate of wind power generation,and the wind-pumped storage system has the ability to participate in the real-time power market and gain profitability due to its power regulation.Considering the uncertainty of wind power output and market settlement price,and paying attention to the linkage relationship between the day-forward market and the real-time market.an optimization model of the multi-time scale bidding for the wind-pumped storage system is constructed.In the long-term scale wind power-pumped storage energy bidding optimization model,to deal with the uncertainty of wind power output and real-time market equilibrium price,random optimization technology and robust optimization technology are respectively used.And this paper constructed the Conditional Value at Risk(CVaR)Conditional Value at Risk decision-making optimization model of daily output declaration.Model predictive control(MPC)was introduced into the short-term scale wind-power pumped storage bidding optimization model.Based on Support Vector Machines(SVM)model,rolling prediction of wind power output and real-time market equilibrium price is carried out,and a real-time output reporting decision optimization model is constructed to control and optimize the control variables(real-time market output reporting).Finally,the feedback correction link is added to form a closed-loop control,so as to realize the rolling optimization process of real-time market bidding.By means of rolling optimization,the predictive value of uncertain variables is approximated to the actual occurrence value,and the accuracy of real-time bidding optimization results is guaranteed.(5)An optimization model of thermal power-energy storage-demand response joint participation in wind power peak-shaving transaction and benefit compensation is proposed.Starting from both sides of the source load,the demand response mechanism is introduced to put forward the energy consumption cost model of thermal power unit at different peak adjustment stages,and the optimization model of wind power peak adjustment transaction is built for the combination of thermal power,energy storage and demand response.Further,comparative analysis was made on the operating income of thermal power,energy storage,wind power and demand response cooperation and non-cooperation.By analyzing the benefit change of different subjects,the author introduces the "high score" method to construct the compensation mechanism of joint peak adjustment for thermal power,energy storage and demand response.Finally,a local power grid in northeast China is selected as the simulation object.The proposed multi-source peak-tuning transaction cost model effectively describes the peak-tuning costs of different peak-tuning sources.The proposed multi-objective optimization model of thermal power,energy storage and demand response multi-source peak-regulating transactions can take into account the economy and environment of peak-regulating transactions.Compared with the scenario of independent peak adjustment of thermal power,energy storage and demand response,when the combined peak adjustment of thermal power,energy storage and demand response is carried out,the peak adjustment trading scheme achieves the optimal,indicating that the two have synergistic optimization benefits.The proposed multi-source peak-regulating transaction compensation mechanism for thermal power,energy storage and demand response enables each peak-regulating subject to obtain incremental benefits according to the contribution rate and achieve the optimal allocation of peak-tuning benefits.(6)This paper analyzes the guarantee mechanism of the participation of wind power in the trans-provincial power market.Firstly,from three aspects of policy content analysis,policy formulation process and adjustment,and policy effect,the paper sorts out the policies of renewable energy electricity consumption guarantee mechanism.Then,by analyzing the standard value of accumulative consumption weight and measuring the power transaction demand,the inter-provincial demand transaction model and the wind power consumption level assessment model are established.Then a case study of Henan power grid is carried out.The results show that further improvement of the market trading mechanism of renewable energy can break the barrier of inter-provincial market trading and increase the consumption of renewable energy in a market-oriented way.Finally,Suggestions for wind power to participate in the development of renewable energy absorption mechanism are given from three aspects:short-term development of market mechanism,short-term development of operation mechanism and long-term prospect of renewable energy absorption mechanism.In view of the problems faced by the participation of renewable energy in the market,it is necessary to continuously improve the market trading mechanism,form a scientific and reasonable quota responsibility assessment mechanism,and promote the consumption of clean energy. |
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