Research On Case-based Reasoning System For Supporting Green Building Technology Design Based On Ontology

As one of the important driving factors for global warming,the construction industry is imperative to change its development model.Green building is a new type of building with features of energy saving,water saving,and material saving.It can reduce the impact of building on the environment and provide a healthy and comfortable living environment.In recent years,green building have increased rapidly in China and become a widespread concern by the government at all level.However,the current development of green building have faced many problems,especially in the design stage,such as low design efficiency,unreasonable technology selection,and difficulty in sharing experience.There is an urgent need in renovation of design approaches.On the other hand,with the popularization of computer and artificial intelligence,the architectural design procedures and design methods have also undergone profound changes.Therefore,how to use artificial intelligence technologies to integrate existing architectural design experience and assist architect in designing is a crucial means to improve the efficiency of green building design and promote the intelligent development of the construction industry.In order to solve the problem how to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of green building technology design,this study proposes an ontology-based CBR system of green building technology design based on the existing architectural design procedures and the principles of case-based reasoning and ontology technologies.The main contents of this research include the following five aspects:(1)Establish a theoretical framework of decision support system for green building designFirstly,this study summarizes relevant theoretical knowledge systematically,including expert decision-making system,case-based reasoning(CBR)theory,and ontology methodology.Then this study analyzes the connotation,development process and evaluation system of green building.The characteristics,process,team formation,and challenges of green building design are analyzed.The basic content of green building technology design is put forward.Based on this,the similarity between the CBR process and the green building technology design process is compared and analyzed.The advantages of combining CBR with ontology technology are explored.Finally,this study proposes the framework of CBR system for green building technology design.(2)Construct a green building ontologyIn order to overcome the shortcomings of inconsistence of green building standards and information heterogeneity,this study first proposes the green building domain ontology to unify the representation of green building knowledge.In order to improve the efficiency of ontology building,this study introduces a semi-automatic ontology construction method.In the extraction of the concept in green building domain ontology,this study utilizes natural language processing technology to process the green building standard reports.Then,the domain terms are extracted by counting the frequency of each term and the number of documents appearing.Furthermore,the synonym of WordNet is adopted to merge the synonym terms.Finally,concepts in green building domain are extracted by experts screening.In the extraction of the relationship between concepts,this study proposes a series of methods for two types of relationships: lexical-based method and hierarchical clustering method are used to extract the taxonomic relationship between concepts;association rules method is adopted to extract non-taxonomic relationship between concepts.(3)The principles of case base construction in CBR system for supporting green building technology designBased on overviewing the existing methods of knowledge representation and the content of green building technology design,this study proposes a case representation model in CBR system,which includes the basic features of green building design and the semantic features of the case reports.Firstly,six basic features of green building technology design are extracted by using literature review.Then,the natural language processing technology is used to process case reports.The semantic index of case reports is established based on green building domain ontology.Eventually,all case reports are standardized into a semantic vector and stored in the case base.(4)Design the case retrieval mechanism in CBR system for supporting green building technology designThe core of the case retrieval system is similarity measure between different cases.For the different basic features of green building design,this study proposes three methods for calculating the similarity of features.For the semantic features of case reports,this study introduces an ontology-based semantic retrieval method.Based on these two similarity measure methods,this study adopts AHP methods to determine the weight of each feature and then establishes a comprehensive similarity measure model.Finally,the case retrieval mechanism is constructed.(5)Empirical research on CBR system for supporting green building technology designBased on the analysis of system requirements,this study builds the architecture and process of the CBR system for green building technology design.Then,the information input interface of green building technology design case and the interface of CBR system for green building technology design are designed.Finally,an empirical study on the CBR system for green building technology design is carried out.The results show that the cases retrieved by this system can provide good references for target case.This has validated the effectiveness of the ontology-based CBR system for green building technology design in this study.This paper attempts to introduce artificial intelligence technology into the construction field.The proposed CBR system for green building design has strong practical and theoretical significance.Theoretically,ontology development method introduced by this study provides certain references for ontology building in other domains.At same time,the case representation model and case retrieval mechanism in this study enrich the theory of case-based reasoning and can be extended to the case-based systems in other fields.In reality,this CBR system for support green building design not only improves the efficiency of green building design,but also enhances the level of architectural design.