Research On The Ecological Product Value Realization Of The Sanjiangyuan

Protecting the ecological environment of Qinghai is “the Vital Importance to the Nation”.The Sanjiangyuan of Qinghai are known as “China water tower” and “Asian water tower”.The Yangtze River,Yellow River,Lancang River,and other major rivers originate here,benefiting 20 provinces and regions of China and five Southeast Asian countries.The Sanjiangyuan are the hinterland of maintaining the water ecological security lifeline of the whole country and even Asia,and the key area of biodiversity of world significance,which have an extremely important ecological and strategic position and are the crucial ecological security protection barrier and ecological product supply place of the country.At the same time,the Sanjiangyuan is also an early warning area,sensitive area,and start-up area for climate change in Asia,and plays an important role in indicating and forecasting the trend of global climate change.However,the fragile ecosystem environment of the Sanjiangyuan leads to high cost of environmental protection and restoration;Affected by the externality of ecological products,Sanjiangyuan area has actively implemented eco-environmental protection and provided high-quality ecological products,which have been enjoyed free of charge for a long time,and the Sanjiangyuan ecological products value has not been fully realized;In addition,the development of industries in Sanjiangyuan is restricted due to the needs of eco-environmental protection,which affects the local residents' quality of production and life,as well as the enthusiasm of eco-environmental protection and ecological product supply.This study focuses on the “Ecological Product Value Realization of the Sanjiangyuan”,constructs the theoretical framework of value realization of Sanjiangyuan ecological products,establishes the Gross Ecosystem Product(GEP)accounting system of Sanjiangyuan ecosystem,analyzes the current situation and difficulties of value realization of Sanjiangyuan ecological products,and comprehensively and systematically puts forward the path and mechanism of value realization of Sanjiangyuan ecological products,so as to provide theoretical basis and practical support for alleviating the contradiction between man and land in ecologically fragile areas,realizing the sustainable development of the Sanjiangyuan and building a national and even international ecological civilization highland.The innovation and main contributions of this paper are as follows:(1)This paper systematically constructs the theoretical research framework of the value realization of ecological products in Sanjiangyuan.The research framework includes: the construction of the Sanjiangyuan ecological product composition model,the Sanjiangyuan ecological product value composition model,the “supply demand”binary logit regression model for the realization of the Sanjiangyuan ecological product value,the systematic framework for the realization of the Sanjiangyuan ecological product value,the principles that should be followed in the realization of the Sanjiangyuan ecological product value,etc.Lay the foundation and provide guidance for the development of this study.(2)Establish the Gross Ecosystem Product(GEP)accounting system of the Sanjiangyuan.Taking the developing opportunity cost of the Sanjiangyuan as an important part,it is determined that the total ecological products value of Sanjiangyuan is 656.856 billion yuan/year.At the same time,based on the green GDP index,it is proposed to build the “the Sanjiangyuan Gross Economic-Ecological Product(SJYGEEP)” index to evaluate the construction of ecological civilization and highquality development level of the Sanjiangyuan,and further highlight the ecological status and ecological value of the Sanjiangyuan,which plays an important role in improving the quality of local ecological environment,people's living standards and regional economic development level.(3)This paper constructs the “supply demand” binary logit regression model of Sanjiangyuan ecological products,at the same time,analyzes the influencing factors affecting the supply and demand willingness of Sanjiangyuan ecological products.The supply willingness of ecological products is affected by “ecological compensation satisfaction” and “ecotourism understanding” of residents in Sanjiangyuan;demand willingness is affected by such factors as “willingness to pay for freshwater resources”,“willingness to pay opportunity costs”,“support for shared pastures” and “whether counterpart supporting provinces enjoy special preferential treatment”.(4)From the perspective of the composition of ecological products,this paper comprehensively and systematically studies the specific value realization path and mechanism of ecological material products,ecological regulation products and ecological cultural products in the Sanjiangyuan.Based on the Gross Ecosystem Product(GEP)accounting system of Sanjiangyuan,the supply and demand willingness of Sanjiangyuan ecological products,the classification of Sanjiangyuan ecological products,the current situation and difficulties of value realization,this paper puts forward a value realization path that fits the current national policies and the reality of Sanjiangyuan,moreover,highlights the characteristics of Sanjiangyuan.Meanwhile,combined with the path,this paper puts forward the systematic value realization mechanism of“Investigation and Monitoring-Accounting and Evaluation-Business Development-Protection and Compensation-Institutional Guarantee-Sustainable Development”.Due to the vulnerability of the ecological environment and the importance of ecological functions,the Sanjiangyuan is an important national ecological security barrier and ecological product supply place.Realizing the value of various ecological products of the Sanjiangyuan plays an important role in promoting the development and integration of ecological industries,improving the living standards and quality of residents,continuously improving the ecological environment in the region,alleviating human-land conflicts,and ensuring the regional sustainable development.