Study On The Advancement Of Washing Technology In China

Washing plays an important role in the process of human civilization.It is a significant choice for human beings to keep healthy and survive.Meanwhile,it is also necessary way to pursue a better life and show the better spirit.The development of washing technology is as long as the history of civilization.Since the civilizations in ancient fertile crescent with4000 years ago to the Qin Dynasty in China,the generation of washing and the ancient technology are all highlighted.However,the appearance of modern washing technology is marked by the development and utilization of surfactants.For example,in western society,it appeared at the end of the19 th century,but in China,it appeared even later after the founding of the People’s Republic of China.China Research Institute of Daily Chemical Industry,which was established in 1930,is not only the most important professional technology research institution in the development history of China’s daily chemical industry,in particular the detergent industry,but also the core and leader of washing technology research and development in People ’ s Republic of China.Therefore,this article takes it as the perspective of the research object,which is helpful to more systematically sort out the historical development of China’s washing technology.Previous literature review shows that the domestic and foreign research on the development of detergents in China is limited to the introduction of relevant achievements or the popular description of a certain period of time.At the same time,the descriptions are mostly written by industrial professionals,so there is a relatively lack of description of Sociology,such as the interaction between science and technology and society,such as motivation,characteristics and influence are discussed about the interaction between science and technology and society.Finally,it also shows that the description of systematic academic research on China Research Institute of Daily Chemical Industry is basically blank.According to the rich archives about Institute history of China Research Institute of Daily Chemical Industry,this paper will explore the developing process,motivation,characteristics,influence from the collation of washing technology research in the past 70 years,which has important academic significance and practical value.In the meantime,this paper also puts forward the following questions,for example,why did China decide to develop this industrial production technology without any previous research experience in the late 1950s?How does the relevant technology start based on such a weak technology?What kind of process has the specific technology R & D gone through at this time? Among the related technologies,which key technology breakthroughs will promote the overall industrial production level? In the interaction between technology and society,which factors have a significant impact on the development of technology? How does the research and development mode and mechanism of detergent form and evolve? How has the development of technology changed people’s washing habits and living habits? Meanwhile,in the research subject(RIDCI),as a core research institution,what role has it played in the development of washing technology in China? What is the impact of institutional change on technological development? What is the depth inspiration of the tortuous development history of the organization gradually stronger about the developing and application of modern daily chemical industry in China? etc.Based on the explains to the above questions,this paper takes the development of washing technology at home and abroad as the background,starts from four washing production technologies: anionic surfactant,other ionic surfactant(eg.nonionic,cationic,zwitterionic),auxiliary and detergents,synthetic fatty acids.This paper mainly focuses on the breakthrough of technology and the research and development of key products,including the analysis and breakthrough of the key or difficulties in the research of various technologies,as well as the logical relationship between specific research and development technologies,in order to clarify which key process development caused the great changes in industrial production and product use.This paper mainly focuses on the breakthrough of production process and the research and development of key products,including the analysis and breakthrough of key process and difficulties in various technical research,as well as the logical relationship between specific technology research and development,in order to clarify which key process development has caused the great changes in industrial production and application.What’s more,It also pay attention to the specific discussion of the research reasons and background or social influence of related technologies,including the analysis of how social factors in different periods affect the development of technology.Through the analysis of cases in this paper,we get serious important findings.For example,the development technology of surfactants and synthetic detergents is the urgent products requirement of that period society.Therefore,the development presents the situation of reversing in research,application and production,which means that the main task is to organize production immediately after the initial completion of technology development,and finally standardize and deepen the research on the technology.In other hand,after economic reform and open up,market demand for multiple washing type products is an important reason for the transformation of washing technology from single type to multiple type.Above two typical reasons also lively reflect the internal orientation of social factors to technology R & D before and after economic reform and open up.Through the specific case study of "Attack from various directions",this paper sum up from three parts: historical characteristics,development motivation and R & D mechanism.It believed that China’s washing technology as a whole has gone through four stage including initial stage,transitional stage,comprehensive development stage and innovative development stage,which correspond to the historical process of continuous development and evolution of China’s technology research and development from nothing to existence,from existence to essence,from essence to new.From the perspective of technology and society,it analyzes the development motivation of washing technology to reflect the social demand,policy orientation,technology introduction and independent innovation,and environmental protection elements in different periods,different aspects,and different perspective,to plan the way and tendency of technology development.With the market plays an increasingly important role in the field of washing related the allocation of research resources,the research and development mode of washing technology in China is gradually transforming from the national leading to the market leading.All in all,there are still a series of problems worth further exploring and expanding.For example,from a global perspective,the status of China’s washing technology,the comparison of the development of the technology between China and foreign countries,and the potential core strength of China Research Institute of Daily Chemical Industry with the market economy environment.