| Since the industrial revolution,the energy consumption especially the fossil energy caused the disordered greenhouse gas emissions,which has lead to the tendency of global warming,and all of them has constituted a threat to our survival and economic development.Consequently we have to judge the relationships between economy and ecology.Restricted by the carbon base present situation of economic development,the production activities have be constrained by the high carbon emission.And the carbon emission space has been becoming the necessary means of production as important as land,capital,labour,energy gradually,and the scarcity is growing in prominence.In this context,carbon trading,as an important market incentive policy tool,can solve the ecological constraints and promote the low carbon development.Thereupon in July 2011,the experimental carbon trading markets were established in these provinces and cities: Beijing,Shanghai,Guangdogn,Chongqing,Hubei,Shenzhen,Tianjin.And the National Carbon Trading Market has been established in December 2017,which included the electricity industry only.The National Carbon Trading Market was deemed to solve the the above-mentioned difficulty through the market behaviour.In the carbon trading market,the limited carbon quotas have created a new environment for the development of the enterprises.Not only the ability of enterprises to adapt to this environment have become the key issues,which should be obliged to consider.But also,the operation efficiency of the carbon trading maret will effect the completion of emission reduction tasks and the status of the international carbon market in the futrue.For these reasons,how to measure and improve the efficiency of carbon carket emission reduction must be carefully deliberated.After the carbon quotas are distributed,how to make the strategics of production and carbon emission reduction activities by using the limited amount,which should be obliged to consider by the participating enterprises.This research is understructured on the dissipation structure,based on the entropy change,used the carbon market as the research object,used the carbon quotas as the breakthrough point,used the improving the carbon emission efficiency as the purpose,used the low-carbon development of controlled enterprises as the foothold.In this paper,the conception of carbon market entropy has been formed by combing the dispersion structure attributes of carbon market emission reduction system,and using the principle of classical thermodynamics and non-equilibrium thermodynamics.And the carbon quotas allocation strategy has been annlyzed by building the dynamic Hamilton system,based on the minimum entropy production.Then the enterprise's optimal policy of product pricing and carbon emission amount has been studyed,through the theoretical derivation and data simulation,when the primary issue is payed great attention,that the carbon quatos were the key factors of production.Lastly,the Electric-coal supply chain is taken as case study,this paper takes the the Electric-coal supply chain as case study,and conducts the simulation analysis.The results show as follows:Firstly,the entropy production of carbon market emission reduction system is caused by the differences of the participants' emission reduction cost among and the need for economic development.The carbon transfer caused by these differences and the carbon growth caused by economic development are the main sources of the entropy production.Furthermore,the Substitution effects between the production factors and the carbon quatos and the efficiency of emission reductions cost are the main impact factors,as far as the entropy changes is concerned,when the paper used the factor decomposition.In addition,the relationships has been analyzed,the conclusion shows that: the higher of the entropy,the lower of the efficiency.Which means Reducing the entropy production is the the crux if we improv this efficiency.Secondly,in order to analyse the realization mechanism of carbon trading in carbon market emission reduction system,and establishing a carbon trading market based on the carbon market emission reduction system.In this paper,based on the carbon emissions of carbon market emission reduction System,the entropy change and low carbon development elasticity coefficient,the industrial sector of China is classified into three major categories: low emission,general emission and high emission industries.In the field of economics,a typical "representative manufacturer" to describe the carbon emissions trading model of China's carbon market emission reduction system,and to demonstrate the basic and trading principles of carbon emissions trading,and to analyze the economic benefits,social benefits and environmental benefits of carbon emissions trading in China.Thirdly,this paper provides some constructive indicators and suggestions on the emission amount for a limited carbon quatos.In order to obtain valuable conclusions,we carry out a detailed mathematical analysis using a singleenterprise's model,in which we mainly focus on the relationship between emission reduction cost and properties of the objective function.In such a context,we derive optimal solutions and explore the relationship between specific parameters and solutions in different situations where the function is convex,concave or linear.It's noted that different value of reduction marginal cost stands for company's different technology development stages as well as energy consumption types.In conclusion,There is a complicated link between the enterprise's product pricing,the marginal emission reduction cost and the target carbon emission.And the optimal price of low-carbon products is affected by the government subsidies,the production capacity and the consumer's low-carbon preference,while the target carbon emission is affected by the carbon price and the enterprise's own emission reduction cost.Last but not least,this thesis takes the electric-coal supply chain as an case study,the carbon emission processes of the supplu chain are established using a system dynamics model.Then the changes in profits and carbon emissions of this supply chain and the enterprises using the electric-coal supply chain actual data of CGDC(China Guodian Corporation).The results show that: the higher the carbon price,the larger negative impact on the enterprise's profit,and the economic effect increased first and decreased,by the carbon price rising.The higher the proportion of the free quatos,the rapider reduction of the profit.While the carbon subsidies can alleviate the emission reduction pressure,the more the subsidies,the better the economic effect. |
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