Research On The Impact Of Carbon Market On The Economic And Environmental Benefits Of Electricity Spot Market

Under the goal of carbon peak and carbon neutrality,China is accelerating the construction of national carbon market and electricity spot market.At present,China is the world ’s largest carbon emitter,and the power industry is the most important carbon emission sector.The national carbon market is the first to start from the power industry and the accelerated development of the power market reform means that the Chinese government will promote the carbon emission reduction and low-carbon transformation of the power system through the coupling mechanism of the carbon market and the power market.Based on this background,this paper constructs a simulation model of the impact of the carbon market on the electricity spot market,comprehensively considers the factors such as the rapid development of new energy,the development of the carbon market and the reform of the electricity market,sets a variety of pressure scenarios,and analyzes the impact of the carbon market on the cost-benefit and emission reduction benefits of the electricity spot market.As one of the first pilot provinces of carbon market and spot electricity market,Guangdong province has widely available and transparent power sector data.The simulation analysis of the influence of carbon market on the spot market of electricity in Guangdong Province has practical reference significance for the construction and development of carbon market and spot market of electricity.Based on the annual power load curves of Guangdong province under different scenarios,this paper simulated the marginal clearing electricity price and output corresponding to 8760 hours,and then calculated the costs and benefits of different types of power sources.In this paper,the main contents and conclusions are as follows:By comparing the net quotas of thermal power units under different quota allocation benchmark levels,it is found that the current benchmark level applied to the national carbon market is ineffective and will lead to excess quota,but the coal consumption benchmark and benchmark level of power supply issued by the National Development and Reform Commission will encourage thermal power units to reduce CO2 emissions;Guangdong electric power spot market is taken as an example,and nine scenarios were set under the influence of carbon market,electricity market,new energy penetration rate and coupling of electricity and carbon market.Due to the tight balance of power supply and demand in Guangdong power market.CO2 emissions of the power system almost remained unchanged despite the increasing pressure of carbon market and electricity market.and when the proportion of new energy generation increased to 30%and 50%,CO2 emissions showed a significant decline;The marginal clearing price of Guangdong power spot market under the coupling of electric-carbon market under different supply and demand levels is simulated.The study finds that the carbon market initially plays a limited role in the tightly balanced power system,and the higher marginal clearing price may result in the price being far different from the actual power generation cost of new energy generation.However,with the increase of new energy and the combined influence of the electric-carbon market,the transmission of carbon emission cost will push up the marginal clearing price of the power market,and low-emission power sources will get the priority in bidding;Power generation costs and benefits under nine pressure scenarios are further analyzed and calculated.It is found that with the development of carbon market and electricity market,carbon price will be transmitted to the power generation costs of generating units,resulting in the increase of power costs of coal-fired generating units with low efficiency and high emissions,while generating units with high efficiency and low emissions will create higher benefits.In turn,the scheduling sequence will be changed,and the scheduling of high-efficiency and low-emission units will be prioritized,and the scheduling of high-emission units will be reduced,thus forming a positive incentive.Therefore,with the development of the carbon market and the electricity market,it is necessary to set a stricter benchmark level for the carbon market,gradually increase the quota auction ratio and increase the carbon price.Through the transmission effect of the carbon price on the electricity price,more abundant new energy and flexible resources will be attracted to the market,and the low-carbon transformation of the power system will be accelerated.