Research Of The Prototype Readout Electronics For The TOF Detectors In CEE

Time-Of-Flight(TOF)detectors play an important role in large-scale particle physics and nuclear physics experiments.In exsisting large scale experiments of this domain,Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chamber(MRPC)technique has been widely used in the design and construction of TOF detectors,and the best time resolution of their electronics is 20?25 ps.In the Cooling storage ring External-target Experiment(CEE)in Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou(HIRFL),the TOF detectors designed based on MRPC technique,consist of the internal TOF(iTOF)and the external TOF(eTOF)detectors.As for the eTOF and 2/3 iTOF detectors,a total 50?60 ps RMS time measurement resolution is required,which corresponds to a 25 ps RMS time resolution of the readout electronics.As for the other 1/3 iTOF detectors,a total?30 ps RMS time measurement precision is required,corresponding to a?10 ps RMS high time resolution of the readout electronics.To achieve such a high time resolution,research was conducted on high performance electronics design,and prototype electronics were completed based on high-speed amplification&discrimination combined with high resolution time-to-digital conversion.As for the amplification and discrimination,circuits based on different technique routes--based on Application Specific Integrated Circuit(NINO,PADI)and discrete amplifier&discriminator,are designed and compared through tests for optimal scheme selection.As for time digitization,the Time-to-Digital Converter(TDC)is designed and optimized based on the Field Programmable Gate Array(FPGA)device.Effect of long cables on the signal transmission quality,temperature and power supply variation on time resolution of the FPGA TDC are discussed and evaluated through tests,all of which are consideration for system robustness in future actual application.A series of tests were conducted on this prototype electronics,and the results indicated that the time precision is better than 10 ps RMS over an input dynamic range from 200 fC to 2 pC,which satisfies the requirements.This dissertation is organized as follows:In section ?,first,the functions and the basic techniques of the TOF detectors in particle physics experiments is introduced.Second,the background and the conception designed of the CEE Spectrometer is presented.In section ?,high-precision time measurement techniques in physics experiment are reviewed.In section ?,the scheme of the CEE TOF readout electronics prototype design is presented.The basic technique scheme based on amplification&discrimination combined with TDC is applied.The front-end electronics design based on different technique routes is presented,as well as the high resolution TDC circuits.In section ?,based on the scheme in section ?,the hardware design of the prototype readout electronics is presented.The FPGA logic design is included in section ?,including the TDC circuit based on the tapped delay line structure,the narrow pulse detection and the data packaging logic.The trigger match circuit design is also discussed.In section ?,test results are presented.The results indicate that the prototype readout electronics satisfy the requirements.The results of the initial combination tests of the detector and the electronics are presented in this section as well.Finally,the dissertation is summarized and the plan for the further work is presented.