L'insecurite dans le transport artisanal et le role potentiel des autorites publiques dans la planification des transports collectifs: Le cas d'Abidjan (French text, Cote d'Ivoire)

The objective of this study rises from the reflections that the planners, managers and researchers interested in certain concerns with collective transport in urban environment, deliver to us. These reflections are constantly confronted in many developing countries, particularly in the city of Abidjan. We selected one of these concerns, that is road safety, by treating the dysfunctions related to insecurity in that type of transportation known as “craft ”. Among the main factors of insecurity, the personal element occupies a very significant place, and it triggers the necessity of finding our the reviating generating elements of the behaviours of the craftsmen drivers. That is the reason why, within the action framework undertaken by the public authorities, including the intermediation of regulating agency and the cooperation of a local union of craft-drivers, we shall examine means of participation of craft-drivers in the setting and in the operation of correct measurements.; The first chapter, introduces the structure of our research work and presents in a general way the difficulties of access to adequate transportation services for most the populations in developing countries, as well as the increasing influence of “craft” transport in spite of its limits. Chapter 2 analyzes the effects of the negligence of public authorities on the craft transport's sector, Their «laissez-faire» generated many problems, especially insecurity. Chapter 3 presents the differences between the craft sector and the informal sector in public transportation in order to highlight specific features of craft transport, as well as to show its place in the planning of collective transport in developing cities. Chapter 4 examine the dysfunctions related to road insecurity and bring to the surface within, the “ human factor”, the main generating factors of the deviated behaviours of the craftsmen drivers at the wheel. It also sets in the objectives of our research, the two major propositions to the tests and the scenarios to be built.; Chapter 5 begins the empirical analysis by presenting our methodological choices, that is the that are the methods of collecting data, including the These methods the technique of participating observation, the use of semi-directed interviews, and the type of statistical tests to be considered. Chapter 6 introduces the city of Abidjan as our case study. It presents the morphological structure of Abidjan as well as supply of collective transport, especially the craft transport known as «gbaka». Chapter 7 brings together the observations coming out of the field survey and gets into the verification of our two hypotheses. Chapter 8 proposes two scenarios for the future of craft transportation in Abidjan (trend scenario) and, on the other hand (contrasted scenario) with a sharp city of actions at obtaining a more secure behaviour from craft-drivers at the wheel.; The conclusion chapter summarizes our results and makes a few suggestions in theoretical, methodological and strategic terms. It namely the possible contributions of our research to other developing cities, in particular to large sub-Saharan cities where in most cases the context of public transportation is very similar to the one found in Abidjan.