Study On The Spatial Distribution Characteristics,Reasons And Efficiency Improvement Of Newly Added Construction Land Quotas In Jiangsu Province

Land,as the means of production,is indispensable for people’s production and living.The optimal distribution of land is very important for new-type urbanization construction,economic development,industrial structure upgrade and farmland protection.This study makes the analytical framework in the perspective of the newly added construction land quotas’ spatial distribution characteristics,reasons and improvement.Based on the data from Jiangsu Land Resources Bureau,the study describes the spatial characteristics of land quotas,calculates the spatial distribution efficiency of land quotas.And then,this study explores the reasons of land quotas’ spatial distribution in the perspective of government failure and makes the hypotheses,which are then tested by econometric models.The study also studies the possibilities whether land development rights based on market forces can improve land resources distribution efficiency.Finally,the paper gives some suggestions.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)In terms of the spatial distribution of construction land,the paper finds that each municipal resources potential was small in the study area based on the resources—consumption potential,which illustrates that the distribution of construction land in each municipality was premature.(2)The paper doesn’t find the land quotas distribution is linked to municipal administrative rank.In theory,the provincial government should distribute land quotas equally among years so that the municipal government can accept the allocation action.However,the land quotas distribution among municipalities changed frequently and seems to have no distribution rule.The provincial government has absolutely power in the distribution process.Furthermore,the coordination between land quotas distribution and population,industrial structure,economic growth,farmland endowment should also be improved in future.(3)In terms of the measurement of the spatial distribution efficiency of land quotas,the results indicate that there will still be room to improve the efficiency.In theory,the land quotas’ administrator can calculate and distribute the quantity reasonably.However,in fact,it is impossible for them to distribute land quotas with best scheme due to limited information and other reasons.(4)The Chinese land planned administrative system lays the foundation of inefficient land quotas spatial distribution,especially under the combination of fiscal decentralization,political recentralization and complicated inter-governmental relations.The empirical case in Jiangsu confirms the assumption concerning a positive relation between land quotas distribution and economic growth rate.Economic decentralization and political recentralization intensify the competition between governments to pursue a higher GDP during their short time in office.During the period,the growth of the Chinese economy was investment-driven,which means more land quotas were required to sustain the rate of development.Thus,it seemed to be ’wise’ for the provincial government to allocate more land quotas to municipalities with higher economic growth rates in order to maximize economic development,making the province more competitive.This also certifies the reasons that the land quotas spatial distribution efficiency is relatively higher based on economic perspective.The regression result confirms the assumption that there is a positive relationship between the area of farmland and land quotas allocation.The strategy of farmland protection between the provincial government and municipal government is different.There was a positive relation with economic structure,which would lead to a rejection that a larger share of the secondary sector in the local economy would correlate with high land quotas allocation.A possible explanation lies in the fact that when the provincial and municipal government interests are not consistent with each other,the provincial government holds absolute power and sets the rules.Under an authoritarian regime,the government has great institutional power,using the instrument for planning interventions to achieve strategic targets.There are no significant statistic relationships between land quotas distribution and population during the period.(5)Land use distribution is to distribute land development rights essentially based on neoliberal market economy principles.Two TDR-like programs,inspired by TDR principles and practices in the United States,and aiming to protect arable land,improve land use efficiency,and solve land quotas bottleneck for economic growth,have been implemented:the increasing-decreasing balance of urban-rural built-up land(IDB)programs and the requisition-compensation balance of arable land(RCB)programs.However,some IDB programs face many problems,including the decreasing farmers’living standard,the long reallocation period,the simplified reallocation measures,the low farmers’ participation,the inferior added arable land and so on.Also,the quantity and quality of gains in cultivated land in sending areas of RCB programs could not be assessed.Also,the transaction platform is defective and the policy sustainability is weak.Some key successful factors in western TDR programs are lack in Chinese TDR programs.If the current official assessment system,fiscal decentralization system,the supplementary cultivated land management,the transaction mechanism are not changed,the inter-provincial cultivated land transaction is not benefit for cultivated land protection.Based on the above conclusions,the paper supplies some advice on land quotas distribution among municipalities,land development rights transaction,financial and political system revolution.