| Cooperative innovation through innovation network becomes Inevitable with the interaction of economic globalization.The trend of technology interweaving,resource sharing and knowledge integration makes enterprises in a complex and changeable network,and they need to constantly cooperate and update knowledge.Through sharing their own knowledge to enhance their network status and the quality of cooperation relations,through strengthening the strength of knowledge cooperation relations to learn from and access to new knowledge resources become normal.Nowadays,the products produced by enterprises depend heavily on many different key technologies,and most enterprises can not maintain and possess all the key knowledge and technology at the same time.Therefore,under the circumstances of diversification and individualization of external customer demand and rapid change of enterprise's own technology,enterprises must carry out extensive,in-depth and diversified cooperative innovation activities.The cooperation through enterprise innovation network is a better choice with clear relative direction and rich resources.However,there are gains and losses,advantages and disadvantages among innovation network enterprises in knowledge cooperation and innovation activities.On the one hand,many successful cases of cooperation show that knowledge cooperation has achieved remarkable results,but there are also many cases of cooperation failure or disintegration.Knowledge cooperation among innovation network enterprises shows insufficient motivation for cooperation,unstable cooperative relationship and unreliable quality of cooperation.Based on these practical problems,this paper studies the occurrence of knowledge cooperation among innovation network enterprises and the matching factors that affect knowledge cooperation.It is obvious that exploring the relationship between knowledge cooperation elements matching,cooperation relationship and cooperation performance has both theoretical significance and guiding significance for management practice.Based on the literature review of knowledge cooperation among innovative network enterprises and the definition of related concepts of knowledge cooperation among innovative network enterprises,This research constructs a flow chart of knowledge cooperation innovation among innovative network enterprises.According to resourcedependence theory,inter-organizational learning theory,matching theory and other related theories and methods,this paper constructs a logical research process from revealing the general phenomena of knowledge cooperation in innovation network to analyzing the internal mechanism.On the one hand,the evolutionary game theory is used to reveal whether the knowledge cooperative relationship among innovation network enterprises occurs and the law of its occurrence.This research is based on the expected assumption of cost and benefit brought by knowledge cooperation elements among innovation network enterprises,reveals the common phenomenon of knowledge cooperation among innovation network enterprises,and finds out the factors that affect the occurrence of knowledge cooperation relations.On the other hand,from the perspective of empirical research,this paper constructs the relationship model of knowledge cooperation elements,knowledge cooperation relationship and knowledge cooperation performance among enterprises.At the same time,the context variable innovation network openness is added as a moderating variable,because network openness means the injection of new elements,which has an impact on the matching between the original enterprises.Based on the analysis of the mechanism of the relationship between the relevant variables,a conceptual model is constructed and research hypothesis is put forward.When investigating large sample data,we use one-to-one method,that is,investigating enterprises and their cooperative enterprises at the same time,and obtain 468 knowledge cooperation data among innovation network enterprises.The statistical methods of multiple regression and structural equation are used to test data,models and related hypotheses,and the essence of knowledge cooperation among innovation network enterprises is explained.The main conclusions and innovations are as follows.Firstly,on the basis of combing the relevant research of previous scholars,the subject,object and cooperation process of knowledge cooperation among innovation network enterprises are re-analyzed.Regarding the characteristics of knowledge cooperation subjects,This research holds that the perspective of matching is not to ignore the heterogeneity of cooperation subjects,but to put forward the perspective of matching cooperation elements based on the heterogeneity of enterprises.As for the object of knowledge cooperation,This research holds that the content of knowledge cooperation is broad knowledge,which includes both explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge,and cooperation level includes both enterprise level and individual level knowledge.Withregard to the process of knowledge cooperation,This research has improved and innovated on the basis of previous studies,and has drawn a new process map of knowledge cooperation.Secondly,from the perspective of knowledge cooperation,previous studies mostly started from the single knowledge cooperation relationship of a single enterprise,but lacked from the cross-perspective.This research holds that knowledge cooperation is the intersection of cooperative innovation among enterprises,which necessarily involves the relationship between the main bodies of the two partners and the characteristics of the cooperative elements.Therefore,This research is innovative to study the relationship between knowledge cooperation elements and knowledge cooperation among enterprises from the perspective of cross-matching.Thirdly,through the construction and analysis of evolutionary game model,the evolutionary law of knowledge cooperation among innovation network enterprises is revealed.It is found that the evolution law of knowledge cooperation among innovation network enterprises is influenced not only by the expected cost-benefit,but also by the probability of different cooperative attitudes of enterprises,and the cost-benefit is mainly brought by the factors of knowledge cooperation among enterprises.At the same time,the influence of knowledge potential and knowledge concentration in the process of evolution is the matching of knowledge cooperation elements among enterprises.The revelation of this phenomenon has laid a foundation and premise for subsequent empirical research on knowledge cooperation relationship.Fourthly,with regard to the elements of matching knowledge cooperation among enterprises and the conclusions of previous studies,this study concludes four dimensions:goal synergy,cultural compatibility,resource complementarity and capability compatibility.Among them,previous studies on goal synergy,cultural compatibility and resource complementarity are abundant,and there are mature measurement scales.However,there is no unified view on the connotation and measurement of competency fit,which has been mentioned in previous studies.Therefore,this study defines competency fit and develops a new measurement scale.Fifthly,this paper explores the influence mechanism of the matching of knowledge cooperation elements among enterprises in innovation network on knowledge cooperation relationship by empirical research.It is found that goal synergy,resource complementarityand competency fit have significant positive effects on knowledge cooperation relationship and knowledge cooperation performance respectively.Knowledge cooperation relationship plays a part of intermediary role in the matching of elements and the performance of knowledge cooperation among enterprises.At the same time,the openness of innovation network can further regulate the matching of elements of knowledge cooperation and the relationship of knowledge cooperation among enterprises.The conclusions of this study not only make up for the deficiencies of the existing literature on the relationship between knowledge cooperation among enterprises,but also enrich the research on the factors of knowledge cooperation among enterprises and the effect of cooperation on the performance of knowledge cooperation to a certain extent. |
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