An Effect Study On The Influence Of China’s Policies On Cross-border E-commerce

In recent years,the rapid development of China’s cross-border e-commerce,named as CBEC,has become an important driving force for the development of China’s foreign trade.According to the data of GACC,the scale of CBEC retail import and export through China’s customs has reached RMB 186.21 billion in 2019,with a year-on-year growth rate of 38.3%,and an annual growth rate of over 30% in 5years,which is much faster than the growth rate of general trade in the same period.CBEC not only lowers the threshold of international trade,providing opportunities for the majority of small and medium-sized enterprises to expand their international market,but also greatly improves the efficiency of international trade.In order to encourage the development of CBEC,the Chinese government has enacted a large number of support and regulatory policies since the end of 2012.In addition to the policies issued by the State Council,administrative departments have also issued a series of relevant policies in the fields of taxation on CBEC retail import and export,customs clearance supervision,inspection and quarantine,FX settlement,and creating good development environment.These policies effectively promote the transformation of foreign trade and manufacturing industry into interconnected development,and help small and medium-sized enterprises,and micro enterprises to explore the international market and achieve good results.However,whether China’s CBEC policy system is complete? What is its influence on the development of CBEC? Is it conducive to the sustainable development of CBEC? It has been proved that China’s CBEC has experienced rapid development in recent years,but also has been hit by a sudden brake due to the influence of policies.In addition,after the establishment of national comprehensive pilot projects of CBEC in Hangzhou and other places,the pilot scope of CBEC has been spread all over the country.How are these pilots running? What is the role of the pilot policies in the overall operation system of CBEC? This series of problems have not been studied systematically.Therefore,the purpose of this study is to systematically and deeply compare and analyze the establishment,current situation and operation status of China’s CBEC policy system,summarize the role and influence of this policy system,and provide more objective and accurate reference for improving China’s CBEC electricity supplier policy system.This paper is divided into seven parts.The details are as follows:Chapter Ⅰ is about the introduction,research methods and literature review.This chapter mainly introduces the research significance,research content and framework,literature review and research methods.In terms of research methods,literature research,induction,field research,questionnaire survey and empirical research are mainly adopted.In the research stage,it is divided into two parts:preliminary research stage and in-depth research stage.Literature review is divided into research on policyevaluation,overall research on the development status of China’s CBEC,research on the development status of foreign CBEC,research on CBEC mode,research on the policy environment of China’s CBEC,research on improving the development environment of domestic CBEC,and elaboration on the existing research deficiencies.Chapter Ⅱ is related concepts and theories of CBEC policy.This paper expounds the basic concept,mode and characteristics of CBEC,the role and influence of CBEC,including its positive role and influence on traditional trade,and lists and analyzes the outstanding problems existing in the development of CBEC.This chapter also focuses on the scope and main policy types of CBEC policies and regulations.Finally,the main theories related to this study are listed,including inclusive trade theory,legal economics theory,competitive advantage theory and platform theory.Chapter Ⅲ is a preliminary analysis of China’s CBEC policy environment.This paper studies and analyzes the basic guidance and requirements of E-Commerce Law of PRC,and Chinese government for the development of CBEC,focusing on the background of relevant policies issued by local governments and the influence on the development of CBEC,including various pilot policies,tax policies,regulatory policies,comprehensive foreign trade service policies,etc.This chapter also analyzes the outstanding problems and shortcomings of China’s CBEC policy system,and introduces the policy environment of foreign CBEC,including the basic situation of foreign CBEC system and the specific influence on China’s CBEC.Chapter Ⅳ is the influence mechanism and sample research of China’s CBEC policy.It focuses on the influence mechanism of CBEC policies,including transmission mechanism and factor analysis,as well as the significance and methods of sample analysis.It also focuses on the three dimensions of the State Council,the State Council departments and the local comprehensive pilot areas,and selects 16 State Council documents during 2013-2019,45 department documents during2009-2019 and 21 documents related to China(Hangzhou)CECPA during 2010-2019 as samples for research,analysis and evaluation of the "content-function" matching degree between CBEC policies and industry development,and further researches and summarizes the operation rules and existing outstanding problems of the current policy system.Chapter Ⅴ is an empirical study on influence of China’s CBEC policy towards enterprise innovation and development.The study is based on the "CBEC policy and enterprise innovation development questionnaire survey" of 302 CBEC companies.This chapter systematically analyzes the operation of CBEC enterprises,policy demands,model innovation and policy relationship,policy formulation and adjustment,and innovation to enterprises by collecting answers from the enterprises to the 4 categories,22 specific questions.This chapter also introduces the purpose and motivation of the research design,the principles of the overall design of the questionnaire and the specific design of the scheme,as well as the research process of questionnaire distribution and recovery,and etc.Chapter Ⅵ is carrying out an empirical research on influence of pilot projects for CBEC towards urban economies.This paper focuses on the model design of the coupling interaction between CBEC industry and regional economy in pilot cities,andputs forward the research method of coupling measurement model as the core.Based on the 2016-2019 China Customs statistics as the panel data,a coupling degree model analysis is carried out.Chapter Ⅶ is the main conclusions,policy recommendations and future prospects.This paper summarizes the main conclusions and points of view,and puts forward some suggestions for the next step.This paper summarizes the four conclusions of China’s CBEC policy environment,the role and influence of China’s CBEC policy,the influence of China’s CBEC policy on enterprise innovation and the coupling interaction between China’s CBEC policy and regional economy,as well as three suggestions for improving the policy system,local sustainable development and enterprise innovation and development.At the same time,it points out the innovation points and shortcomings of this study,and makes a prospect for the next research.There are conclusions from four aspects:Firstly,the conclusion about China’s CBEC policy environment.First,China’s CBEC policy system has been initially established.Second,China’s CBEC policy does play a normative and promoting effect on the development of the industry.Third,there are still some problems in the coordination of CBEC policy system between governments all over China and all levels.Fourth,there are still some aspects in China’s CBEC policy which are not obvious and clear,and need to be further improved.Secondly,the conclusion on the role and influence mechanism of China’s CBEC policy.First,the transmission mechanism of China’s CBEC policy issued by all levels of government has maintained relatively smooth.Second,there is a lack of long-term planning in the pilot policy,which can easily lead to uneven development between regions.Third,sectoral policies are too focused and lack balance.Fourth,the pilot direct preferential policies are more attractive to enterprises,and whether it is beneficial to the development of the industry remains to be assessed.Fifth,the departments for CBEC positioning and understanding is not uniform.And then,the conclusion on the influence of China’s CBEC policy on corporate innovation.First,platform enterprises pay more attention to the relevant policies.Second,the government’s regulatory policy and pilot policy have higher degree of relevance towards enterprise innovation.Third,the innovation goal and the innovation way of the enterprise are related to the policy to an obvious degree,the pilot policy in particular.Fourth,enterprises have high expectations for policy adjustment,and hope that the government will adjust the policy regularly according to the changes of the industry and the situation.Finally,the conclusion about the coupling interaction between China’s CBEC policy and regional economy.First,the coupling and interaction between CBEC and economic system in pilot cities is not obvious,and the synergy between CBEC and local economic development level in each pilot city is roughly equal;however,there are great differences in the coordination and interaction between CBEC and economic system,that is,there are great differences in the intrinsic relationship between CBEC and local economy.Second,the degree of coupling and coordination of "CBEC and economy" system in the pilot city is unstable,that is,the level of internal connectionof each city fluctuates greatly in the year of study,and the harmonious development relationship between CBEC and economic system in the pilot city is not ideal.There are three types of suggestions by the dissertation.I.Suggestion on improving policy system.The first one is strengthening the top-level design,and giving special policy functions for CBEC.The second one is enhancing the cooperation between all departments,and solving the production problems of development together.The third one is reinforcing the global communication,and learn from the external policy and experience.II.Suggestions on sustainable development of local economies.The first is to develop CBEC according to local conditions.Second,it is necessary to correctly handle the preferential policies and development.Third,it is necessary to improve and enhance the effectiveness of policy pilot projects.III.Suggestions for the government to promote the innovation and development of enterprises.First,the government should be targeted to do a good planning.The second is to increase participation degree of enterprises in policy formulation.Third,adjusting the policy regularly to better realize the policy objective.Fourth,enterprises should enhance interaction and coordination with the government,timely feedback to government departments on the policy needs,and actively put forward reasonable proposals.The most important contribution of this paper is that this paper may be the first time to systematically study the problems existing in China’s CBEC policy system,pointing out the structure,transmission mechanism of CBEC policy,the influence on enterprises and local economy,and combing the existing problems more systematically,and putting forward some suggestions for work.In addition,the most prominent problem about CBEC in China raised in this paper is the lack of unified understanding of the boundaries and basic definitions of CBEC by the government,academic circles and enterprises,which leads to the dislocation of the expected policy objectives of all parties.In addition,it may be for the first time to propose more systematically how to improve CBEC statistics recommendations.