Research On Manufacturing Efficiency In China

Manufacturing industry is an important driving force of economic growth.The change of manufacturing efficiency will directly affect the quality and speed of economic development.Since China’s reform and opening up more than 40 years ago,the manufacturing industry has maintained a sustained and rapid growth,and the total volume and export volume of the manufacturing industry have remained at the top of the world.However,China’s manufacturing production mainly relies on large-scale input of material factors,and there are structural problems such as low-end product locking,insufficient industrial competitiveness and obvious regional development differences.The development of manufacturing industry needs to get rid of the path dependence of factor input.Instead of relying solely on the scale and quantity of industry,it should focus on the quality of manufacturing development and change from extensive to intensive growth mode.The essence of this change is to improve the efficiency of manufacturing industry.Manufacturing efficiency is affected by many factors,among which agglomeration and spatial spillover are the most important ones.The industrial agglomeration based on increasing returns and externalities and the spatial spillover caused by it strongly promote the change of manufacturing efficiency and become an important strategic tool for the country to enhance the competitiveness of manufacturing industry.At present,China is actively promoting the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry and optimizing the regional allocation of manufacturing industry through a series of policies.Therefore,it is necessary to discuss the effects of industrial agglomeration and spatial spillover on the changes of manufacturing efficiency.This has important theoretical and practical significance for understanding the changing rules of manufacturing efficiency and promoting the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry.Based on a systematic review of relevant studies at home and abroad,this paper makes an in-depth analysis of the relationship between manufacturing agglomeration,spatial spillover and manufacturing efficiency,focusing on the internal mechanism of how manufacturing agglomeration and spatial spillover affect manufacturing efficiency.The manufacturing efficiency,agglomeration degree and spatial spillover effect of the manufacturing industry were measured by using the manufacturing industry data at the provincial and district level from 2000 to 2016 in China,and the relationship between the agglomeration and spatial spillover effect of the manufacturing industry and the manufacturing efficiency was empirically studied.In addition to the introduction,this paper is divided into seven chapters.The first chapter systematically reviews the relevant research literature on industrial agglomeration,spatial spillover and manufacturing efficiency.The second chapter,on the basis of defining the core concepts of this paper,makes an in-depth analysis of the relationship between industrial agglomeration,spatial spillover and manufacturing efficiency,focusing on the mechanism of how industrial agglomeration and spatial spillover affect manufacturing efficiency.Chapter three investigates the development and operation of China’s manufacturing industry,and USES data analysis method to measure the efficiency of manufacturing industry,and analyzes the changes of manufacturing efficiency and the regional and industrial differences.The fourth chapter USES the methods of industry concentration,location entropy index and spatial gini coefficient to measure the regional and industrial agglomeration degree of the manufacturing industry from the regional and industrial level,and USES the panel regression model to analyze the impact of industrial agglomeration on the manufacturing efficiency.In chapter 5,moran index and spatial convergence analysis are used to measure the spatial correlation and convergence of the manufacturing industry,so as to test the existence of spatial spillovers.In addition,panel regression model is used to analyze the impact of spatial spillovers on the manufacturing efficiency from the perspectives of intra-industry spillovers and inter-industry spillovers.In chapter 6,the panel regression model is used to analyze the effects of industrial agglomeration and spatial spillover on manufacturing efficiency.Finally,according to the conclusion of empirical analysis,the seventh chapter puts forward policy Suggestions and research prospects.This article adopts the quantitative and qualitative,norms and empirical research method,around the industrial concentration,spatial spillover effect on manufacturing efficiency are studied,the main conclusions are as follows: 1.the number of manufacturing enterprises in our country present during the inspection after the first growth lower development characteristics,the adjustment of industry structure,bring the production output of unit inputs in growth,and the agglomeration and dispersion to slightly change characteristics of agglomeration.On the whole,the manufacturing industry has a remarkable feature of dispersing from the eastern region to the central and western regions,and the dispersed industries are mainly resource-intensive and labor-intensive industries.2.During the investigation period,the efficiency of manufacturing industry presented a "U"-type development characteristic.It increased from 0.8123 in 2000 to 0.8459 in 2016.There is a trend of narrowing gap at the provincial level,which can be divided into five types according to the matching relationship between scale factors and technology input,reflecting the development differences of manufacturing efficiency in each province.At the industry level,the manufacturing efficiency increased from 0.813 in 2000 to 0.898 in 2016,and also declined in 2010.The change of manufacturing efficiency in the former period was greatly affected by scale efficiency,while the change of pure technical efficiency was greatly affected in the latter period.3.Industrial agglomeration promotes the growth of manufacturing efficiency,especially for manufacturing efficiency that requires large-scale factor input.When the degree of industrial agglomeration increases by 1%,the growth index of manufacturing efficiency will increase by 9.32%.The effect of such agglomeration on the efficiency of manufacturing industry is also different,which is more significant for the efficiency of resource-intensive and labor-intensive manufacturing industry,but not for the efficiency of capital-intensive and technology-intensive manufacturing industry.4.The research period showed significant spatial correlation and spatial convergence.The spatial spillover of the manufacturing industry had obvious characteristics and significant regional heterogeneity.From the three dimensions of horizontal spillover,forward spillover and backward spillover,the influence effect of spatial spillover on the efficiency of manufacturing is tested,indicating that spatial spillover has a significant positive effect on the improvement of manufacturing efficiency,and that the forward spillover effect is significantly greater than the backward spillover effect.In the aspect of horizontal spillover,for every 1% increase in spatial spillover degree,the promotion coefficient of manufacturing efficiency should reach about 3.09%.Five,industrial agglomeration and spatial spillover effects on the efficiency of the manufacturing is significant,the relationship between the nonlinear,this relationship existed threshold effect,positive industrial concentration and overflow can through regional internal space agglomeration externalities and regional spatial spillover between conduction mechanism,drive the industry forward and backward spillover effect between obvious positive effect on technological progress,causing manufacturing efficiency.Based on the above research conclusions,this paper puts forward the following policy Suggestions :(1)according to the resource endowment and development conditions of different regions,implement the unbalanced development strategy to improve the concentration degree of advantageous industries in the development of regional manufacturing industry.Through the rational deployment of industrial market structure,the industrial scale operation can be realized.Meanwhile,the innovation ability of enterprises can be fully stimulated.The technological innovation system of manufacturing industry can be established and improved,the construction of supporting service system can be strengthened,and the external environment for the development of manufacturing industry can be optimized.Spillover effects(2)to expand the size of the gradient area,for at a different level of development areas,to improve manufacturing technology,talent and knowledge in the enterprise,industry and region,the flow and transfer between the strengthening regional manufacturing industry linkage development,implement the value chain of network configuration,strengthen the optimized allocation of factors of production input,and coordination of industry classification,intermediary organizations to foster and strengthen industry,set up channels of communication open.Actively respond to the national manufacturing development strategy and regional development strategy,give priority to the cultivation of forward-looking,strategic industries.(3)improve the policy environment for the development of the manufacturing industry,reform the system and mechanism that hinder the flow of factors in the manufacturing industry,improve the financial support policies for the manufacturing industry,improve the level of human capital,increase the opening up,and strengthen international exchanges and cooperation.This article makes an in-depth analysis and demonstration of the impact of industrial agglomeration and spatial spillover on manufacturing efficiency.The main innovation points include the following three aspects: first,the relationship between industrial agglomeration and spatial spillover on the efficiency of manufacturing industry is explained.Second,the general relationship between agglomeration spillover and industry efficiency matching is obtained.Thirdly,a new method combination is constructed to analyze the impact of industrial agglomeration and spatial spillover on manufacturing efficiency.To sum up,the research conclusions of this paper enrich the existing literature achievements,provide certain empirical experience support for relevant theories,and provide certain theoretical reference value for more reasonable manufacturing policy formulation.