Research On The Impact Of Industrial Agglomeration On The Performance Of Chinese Manufacturing Industry

The impact of industrial agglomeration on the performance of manufacturing industry in China is mainly studied in this paper.Firstly,the relevant studies on the industrial agglomeration and performance of manufacturing industry are systematically reviewed,analyzed and commented.Then,the influence mechanism of industrial agglomeration on the performance of manufacturing industry is expounded from the perspective of economic performance,innovation performance,energy performance and environmental performance separately,and the research hypothesis are further put forward.Nextly,the industrial agglomeration degree and the performance of manufacturing industry are calculated and analyzed.Finally,the impact of industrial agglomeration on economic performance,innovation performance as well as energy performance and its regional differences & its industrial differences are studied,so as to make an empirical test of the proposed hypothesis.The aim of this paper is to reveal the internal mechanism of the impact of industrial agglomeration on the performance of manufacturing industry,so as to provide some theoretical supports and practical references for improving quality & efficiency,innovation driven development and energy conservation & emission reduction of Chinese manufacturing industry,then to realizing of transformation from factor expansion to efficiency enhancement and from extensive development model to intensive development model as well as from high speed growth phase turns to high quality development stage.The theoretical analysis of the impact of industrial agglomeration on the performance of manufacturing industry shows that,there is a significant positive externality and negative externality in the impact of industrial agglomeration on the performance of manufacturing industry,namely that industrial aggregation is not only conducive to the promotion of the performance of the manufacturing industry,but also has a certain inhibitory effect on the performance of the manufacturing industry,the specific influence depends on the comprehensive comparison of its positive externalities and negative externalities.Moreover,the relationship between the impact of industrial agglomeration on the economic performance of manufacturing industry and regional economic development will show an obvious "inverted U" curve.In addition,there will be a significant "U" relationship between industrial agglomeration and the energy performance(or environmental performance)of manufacturing industry.The measurement and analysis of the industrial agglomeration degree and the performance of manufacturing industry show that the results are as follows: The manufacturing industrial agglomeration degree shows a trend of increasing development in China,and gradually forms a model of manufacturing industrial aggregation by taking the eastern coastal areas as the center,the central and northeast as well as western regions as the periphery.Meanwhile,there are not only significant regional differences in the manufacturing industrial agglomeration degree in China,which the eastern coastal area is obviously higher than the other areas,the central region is second,the northeast is again and the western region is the lowest,and there are also obvious industrial differences,which there is a great difference in the industrial agglomeration degree among the subdivided industries of manufacturing industry.Moreover,the economic performance of manufacturing industry also shows a rising trend of development,and there are significant regional differences.Once more,the static and dynamic innovation performance of manufacturing industry both shows a trend of increasing development,and the difference between regions is also very prominent.In addition,the energy performance of manufacturing industry is also on the rising trend,and the energy technological progress has gradually become the main driving force for the improvement of energy performance in Chinese manufacturing industry,while the energy technical efficiency of manufacturing industry does not appear to be "catching up",meanwhile,there are also obvious regional differences in the energy performance of Chinese manufacturing industry.The study of the impact of industrial agglomeration on the economic performance of manufacturing industry shows that,the impact of industrial agglomeration on the economic performance of manufacturing industry has a significant "Williamson Hypothesis",and the industrial agglomeration still can significantly improve the economic performance of Chinese manufacturing industry at present,namely that the transition stage of Chinese manufacturing industry from excessive industrial aggregation to industrial diffusion has not yet come.Moreover,the impact of industrial agglomeration on the economic performance of manufacturing industry in the eastern region also has a significant "Williamson Hypothesis",while the impact of industrial agglomeration on the economic performance of manufacturing industry in the central & western regions does not exist in the so-called "Williamson Hypothesis".Meanwhile,the manufacturing industrial agglomeration in the eastern region still can significantly improve its economic performance at the present stage,and shows a gradual upward trend along with the improvement of economic development level.Once more,the promoting effect of industrial agglomeration on the economic performance of the manufacturing industry in the eastern region is significantly greater than that in the central & western regions,combining with the fact that the manufacturing industrial agglomeration degree and economic performance of eastern region are significantly higher than the central & western regions,which can deduce that the inter-regional differences of economic performance of manufacturing industry will continue to expand.In addition,there are obvious industrial differences in the impact of industrial agglomeration on the economic performance of manufacturing industry,which the influence of labor intensive and resource intensive industrial agglomeration on its economic performance both has a significant "Williamson Hypothesis",namely that there is the phenomenon of excessive industrial aggregation,while except that the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry is a certain phenomenon of excessive industrial aggregation in the technology intensive industry,there is no excessive industrial aggregation in the rest industry.The study of the impact of industrial agglomeration on the innovation performance of manufacturing industry shows that,as a whole,industrial agglomeration can both promote the improvement of the static innovation performance and the dynamic innovation performance of manufacturing industry,which is achieved mainly by improving the technical efficiency of manufacturing industry.Moreover,there are obvious regional differences in the impact of industrial agglomeration on the static innovation performance and dynamic innovation performance & its decomposition index of manufacturing industry,which the improvement of high-tech industrial agglomeration on the static innovation performance of manufacturing industry in eastern region is greater than the central & western regions,and industrial agglomeration in eastern,central & western regions can promote the improvement of dynamic innovation performance and technical efficiency of manufacturing industry,but there are also some differences among the improvements.In addition,the impact of industrial agglomeration on the static innovation performance and dynamic innovation performance of manufacturing industry also has significant industrial differences.Most mechanical electronics and light textile manufacturing industrial agglomeration are conducive to improving the static innovation performance of manufacturing industry,while some resources processing manufacturing industrial agglomeration have restrained the improvement of the static innovation performance of manufacturing industry to a certain extent.Once more,in the light textile manufacturing industry,industrial agglomeration can significantly improve the dynamic innovation performance and technical efficiency of manufacturing industry,while the impact coefficient on the technological progress of manufacturing industry is positive but not significant,and in the resources processing manufacturing industry,industrial agglomeration also helps to promote the dynamic innovation performance and technical efficiency of manufacturing industry significantly,but has a negative impact on the technological progress of manufacturing industry,and in the mechanical electronics manufacturing industry,except that the impact coefficient of the metal products industrial agglomeration on the technological progress is positive but not significant,all the other manufacturing sub-sectors industrial agglomeration are conducive to the improvement of its dynamic innovation performance and technical efficiency as well as the promotion of its technological progress.The study of the impact of industrial agglomeration on the energy performance of manufacturing industry shows that,from the view of the whole country,there is an obvious "U" curve relationship between industrial agglomeration and manufacturing static energy performance & dynamic energy performance as well as its decomposition index(energy technical efficiency and energy technological progress),and there is also a significant "U" relationship between the economic development level of manufacturing industry and its static energy & dynamic energy performance and the energy technological progress,namely that the "environmental Kuznets hypothesis" is significant existence in Chinese manufacturing industry,while there is an obvious inverted U curve relationship with the energy technical efficiency of manufacturing industry.Moreover,under two circumstances of no environmental constraints and environmental constraints,there is both obvious difference in the impact of industrial agglomeration on static energy performance & dynamic energy performance and its decomposition index of manufacturing industry in the eastern,central and western regions of China.In the eastern and central regions,industrial agglomeration can significantly improve the dynamic energy performance and energy technical efficiency and promote the development of energy technological progress of manufacturing industry,while in the western region,industrial agglomeration can only significantly improve the dynamic energy performance and energy technical efficiency of manufacturing industry.In addition,no matter under no environmental constraints or under environmental constraints,there are significant industrial differences in the impact of industrial agglomeration on the static energy performance & dynamic energy performance and its decomposition index of manufacturing industry,which in the circumstances of no environmental constraints,the three manufacturing sub-sectors industries agglomeration of light pollution industry,moderate pollution industry and severe pollution industry all can significantly promote the static energy performance of manufacturing industry,while in the circumstances of environmental constraints,only the slight pollution industry and some moderate pollution industries(pharmaceutical manufacturing industry,metal products industry,transportation equipment manufacturing industry)agglomeration can enhance the static energy performance of manufacturing industry.Once more,after add into the emission of pollutants by the use of energy,the influence of the three severe pollution industries such as paper making & paper products industry,petroleum processing,coking & nuclear fuel processing,chemical raw materials & chemical products manufacturing industry agglomeration on the energy technological progress of manufacturing industry will from positive to negative.Based on these results,this paper puts forward two paths to realize the promotion of performance of manufacturing industry in China: The first one is strengthening the endogenous driving force of intensive development of Chinese manufacturing industry,so as to propeling the transformation from extensive development model to intensive development model and growth mode from factor expansion to efficiency enhancement,the concrete measures which include: encourage the development of industrial cluster,give full play to the main engine role of scientific & technological innovation,implement the dislocation development strategy of manufacturing industry,accelerate the adjustment and optimization of the industrial structure of manufacturing industry,deepen the economic system reform of manufacturing enterprises,as well as promote the cross regional flow of labor and capital.The second one is strengthening the exogenous mechanism of improving the performance of Chinese manufacturing industry,so as to promoting Chinese manufacturing industry from high speed growth stage turns to high quality development stage,the concrete measures which include: create a good industrial agglomeration environment actively,formulate a reasonable differential regional development policy,as well as promote the effective implementation of environmental regulation policy energetically.