Study On The Network Structure Evolution Of SME Community In The Perspective Of Organizational Ecology

The practice of national economic development shows that there exists a large number of small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs)whether in developed or developing economies.Over the 30 years of reform and opening up,China's SMEs have flourished vigorously,to enhance the role of the national economy and society increasingly,and have become an important force in China's economic development.Due to the small scale,fine division of labor,poor risk resistance capacity,in the face of their own resources constraints and international and domestic market competition pressure,SMEs tend to form mutual cooperation and common development of small and medium enterprises groups in a specific region.It is not only a result under the rule of market economy,but also an important means that governments stimulate the vitality of the market and promote regional development.In the small and medium enterprises group,the complex relationship between enterprises is interweaved into a network,and constantly interact with the environment,thereby affecting the regional economic and social development.This network relationship of group is similar to the relationship between individual and population in the community.So,this paper uses organizational ecology theory to research the evolution of network structure of SMEs group,and further reveals the law of growth of SMEs group.It can provide theoretical support and policy guidance for SMEs group construction and development in various regions,and has important significance.This paper can be divided into five parts.The first part is theoretical reference.First of all,this paper reviews the research on organizational ecology,SMEs group,SMEs group network and other related fields,and finds that there is less research on the network structure of SMES group.Then it compares the similarities between the SMEs groups and the community ecology in the organizational ecology from the four aspects of community level,growth environment,subject concurrence and evolution characteristics,which provides a theoretical support for the research on the network structure of the SMEs group by using the organizational ecology theory.The second part is about the formation of network structure of SMEs groups.On the basis of full referencing previous research results of scholars,this paper defines the network structure of SMEs groups as the sum of formal or informal contacts that is relatively stable and can promote the development of SMEs group,which is built through mutual communication and exchange between the internal member elements of group in specific regional culture environment.It also sets the basic unit of the network structure of SMEs group as two parts of nodes and links,and explains the SMEs group network structure from the core layer,support layer and outer layer three levels.It induces the SMEs group network structure into four kinds of food chain type structure,population structure type structure,symbiotic type structure and associated structure based on the organizational ecology theory.And then it discusses the four kinds of mode of network structure of SMEs group from natural growth model and the government cultivation mode,seed induced mode,resource supplies mode formation mode,and three formation mechanism of industrial scale,industrial synergy,innovation coupling.It also discusses the evolution trend of the increase of peripheral nodes,the strengthening of network structure connection,the formation of multi center nodes,and the formation of multi-dimensional network structure.The third part is the cause and mechanism of the evolution of the network structure of SMEs group.It summarizes the internal and external factors that affect the evolution of network structure of SMEs group as four categories of external enterprise invasion(the industry's leading enterprises,service enterprises and other enterprises),technological innovation diffusion(incremental innovation and radical innovation),government cultivation and management(helping cultivate,free competition,comprehensive management)and market environment mutation(natural environment,economic environment and policy environment).From micro to macro,this paper proposes node death and renewal mechanism,competition and cooperation mechanism,channel genetic and variation mechanism,community stress and immune mechanism of network structure evolution of SMEs group from individual,connection,channel and community.The fourth part is assessment of network structure evolution of SMEs group.It introduces the weighted improved BA model to establish the network structure evolution process model for SMEs group.And it establishes the evaluation system of the SMEs group network structure evolution state from seven sub dimensions and three dimensions of time and space differentiation,hierarchical system and correlation effect.It establishes comprehensive evaluation model by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.The fifth part set the Wuhan East Lake national independent innovation demonstration zone as an example,dividing its SMEs group network structure evolution into embryonic stage of seed enterprises cultivation,the growth period of photoelectron industry group,the mature period of Optics Valley group brand building and the extension period of multi industry network expansion.Then this part evaluates its evaluation state from spatial and temporal differentiation,hierarchical system and correlation effect,and puts forward suggestions for development.