Research On Performance Evaluation Of Urban Public Transit For Operation Pattern

At present,China is in a stage of rapid development,as urbanization continues to accelerate the pace of construction,the contradiction between supply and demand of urban public transit resources is becoming increasingly prominent.The following problems,such as traffic congestion,environmental pollution,traffic safety and other issues,have received more and more attention.These problems seriously affect the sustainable development of urban public transit.At the same time,public transit puts forward new demand to the public transit manager.The State Council has raised the need to "priority to the development of urban public transit" development strategy in 2012,which demand to ease traffic congestion,change the mode of urban traffic.The transportation department issued advice to deepen the reform of transport in 2014,pointed out the need to improve the overall transportation system,to deepen the reform of large traffic department,to explore new pattern of public transit.Although the development of urban public transit in our country is fast,there are many problems in the development of public transit.Monopoly operation or market-oriented operation,centralized management or decentralized management,which choice is better? Performance management level is relatively low,lack of scientific and reasonable performance evaluation standards and evaluation methods,there is no fair financial subsidies.Public transport enterprises have the situation of imbalance of the proportion of input and output.The lack of competition mode of operation and the responsibility is not clear management mode leads to loss of business initiative and enthusiasm,enterprises no longer to improve operational quality and service as the main target,they turn to expand the scale and other ways to "create" loss,resulting in public transit user satisfaction continue to decline.Under this background,systematic study of urban public transit performance evaluation is very important.In this dissertation,urban public transit performance evaluation has been studied.First of all,the operation pattern is defined according to the two aspects of the enterprise operation mode and the government management mode.The characteristics,categories,attributes and trends of urban public transit operation pattern are summarized in two aspects,and the theory framework of performance evaluation for urban public transit is constructed.Next,by extending the existing data envelopment analysis method,a SE-DEA-Gini method based on graph efficiency and an improved game cross efficiency evaluation method are proposed.Based on two new methods,Public transit services in 19 cities from 2009 to 2014 are evaluated,and the results of performance evaluation of urban public transit are obtained under different operation pattern.Finally,the evaluation results are analyzed and countermeasures and suggestions are given.The research contents of this paper provide a theoretical support for the sustainable development strategy of urban public transit,the quantitative comparison of operation mode and management mode provide a way for the further reform of urban public transit,new evaluation methods can provide theoretical reference and practical choice for urban public traffic manager to carry out performance evaluation.The main research works of this paper are as follows:The first chapter mainly expounds the research background and significance of performance evaluation of urban public transit for operation pattern.The main research contents,framework and innovations of this paper are briefly introduced.In the second chapter,the research on the performance evaluation of urban public transit is summarized.The concept and framework of performance evaluation are given.The existing research are summarized and reviewed from the view of performance evaluation,evaluation index and evaluation method.The views and differences between different scholars on the above issues are summarized,and the shortcomings of the existing research are pointed out.In the third chapter,the operation pattern is defined according to the two aspects of the enterprise operation mode and the government management mode.According to the enterprise operation mode,the operation pattern is divided into three kinds of monopoly operation,diversified operation and mixed operation.The different operation modes are compared,and the trend of urban public transit operation mode is given.Then according to the government management mode,the operation pattern is divided into three kinds of cross-traffic control management,integrated management and one-city-one-transit authority management.The different management modes are compared,and the trend of urban public traffic management mode is given.The basis of sample city selection is given.Finally,the theory framework of performance evaluation for urban public transit is constructed from evaluation angle,evaluation method and evaluation result.In the fourth chapter,the research hypothesis is presented,and the SE-DEA-Gini method based on graph efficiency is proposed.This method can effectively avoid the problem that the traditional DEA method can get more effective decision making units,ensure there is always a feasible solution.The introduction of Gini criterion can effectively reduce the inconsistency of the important degree of the indexes,and improve the ability of the DEA method.By using this method,we make an empirical analysis on the input and output data of 19 cities in China,the efficiency of urban public transit service is calculated from different operation mode and management method.The efficiency difference between different operation mode and management mode is analyzed.In the fifth chapter,the improved game cross efficiency evaluation method is proposed.This method enhances discrimination ability of game cross efficiency process and improves the convergence rate of iterative algorithm.An empirical analysis is made on the input and output data of 19 cities in China based on the improved game cross efficiency evaluation method.The efficiency of urban public transit service is calculated from different operation mode and management method.The efficiency difference between different operation mode and management mode is analyzed.The sixth chapter analyzes the performance evaluation results of urban public transit,and puts forward some feasible countermeasures and suggestions.At present,the performance evaluation results of 19 cities in China are low,different patterns impact the performance evaluation result.To improve performance result,three recommendations are given as follows: ensure the implementation of public transit priority strategy,introduce market competition to establish efficient public transit operation mode,clear responsibilities to develop urban public transit management mode.In the seventh chapter,the main research contents and conclusions are summarized,and the prospect of further research in the future is proposed.The performance evaluation of urban public transit is one of the important research issues in the urban traffic management.The research contents,methods and conclusions of this paper are the exploration and supplement of the theory of urban public transit performance evaluation.This paper can provide a theory reference for the further research,and provide the decision-making reference for the reform of public transit operation pattern.