Efficiency Evaluation Of The Public Transport System In Beijing In The Context Of The Transit Metropolis

As the main part of urban traffic, public transport is the city’s arteries to ensure the normal operation of the production and daily life there, and it has played an very important role for the prosperity and development of city undertakings in economy or culture. Therefore, since 2004, many cities in our country have put the “bus priority” as a basic strategy for the development of urban transport, but public transport is still in a tough position when competing with the car, and the effects are still not obvious. As for Beijing, although the “bus priority” development mode has already been built, the travel measures such as the vehicle restriction scheme, the “tidal” travel have been taken, the private ownership of motor vehicles continues to rise, and the car travel proportion remains high, and the traffic congestion phenomenon is getting worse and worse. Visible, the concept of “bus priority” is not the problem, the key question lies in what should we do to ensure its smooth implementation.Therefore, making use of the DEA-Malmquist index method, the paper makes a study on the public transport system in Beijing respectively from the angles of time and within the system, depending on the fundamental data of the public transport industry in Beijing in 2007-2013. Meanwhile, combining with the development situation of the public transport system of other 36 cities in the “transit metropolis” created demonstration project of our country, the paper tries to find out the biggest influence factors, and puts forward corresponding measures.The empirical results show that the TFP growth of the public transport industry in Beijing is mainly attributed to the technological progress, and the technical efficiency hinder the change negatively, and the low technical efficiency is caused mainly by the low scale efficiency. And the railway subsystem in Beijing is growing quite well, and the conventional public transport subsystem is much less efficient and needs to be improved. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the efficiency of urban public transport system, to understand the operation situation and the existing problems and developing prospects. It can be concluded that Beijing should emphatically improve the efficiency of conventional public traffic system, under the premise of improving public transport’s scale efficiency and technical efficiency as a whole system, and on the basis of keeping track traffic advantage, so as to alleviate the traffic congestion, improve the living condition, and then promote the city’s sustainable, steady, and healthy development.