| Innovation is the primary driving force behind development and the strategic underpinning for building a modernized economy.Nowadays,countries all over the world are devoting increasing energy to technological innovation.It has become an unstoppable trend,influencing industrial transformation and forming new modes of production,industrial organization forms,business modes and economic growth points.Based on the theory of smart specialization,it is of great significance to build a new engine of development and construct a pattern of regional innovation and development with unique features through the innovation.Smart specialization pursues the best possible results of the use of regional innovative resources and the fostering and development of industries with competitive advantages to promote regional economy.The spatial distribution of smart specialization refers to target innovative resources investments and policy support among different regions as well as the assessment of regional industries competitive advantages.Smart specialization has a far-reaching influence in gaining comparative advantage and transforming regional strategies from professionalization to economic achievements and social achievements in the future.By defining the characteristics of the spatial distribution of regional smart specialization industry,the panel data of 31 provinces authoritative statistical has been chosen,the improved information entropy weight TOPSIS method will be introduced to construct China's regional smart specialization evaluation indicator system and model from the perspectives of 15 indicators and 4 dimensions.Based on the theory of smart specialization,further research combined with domestic innovation-driven development strategy on regional smart specialization will be made on the basis of the evaluation of China's regional smart specialization development level along with the scores in smart specialization index,the comparison with the foreign smart specialization's status quo and characteristics.The smart specialization level in the eastern,central and western regions of China reflects obvious regional differences.The eastern provinces have higher development level of regional smart specialization,the highest development level of smart specialization is Guangdong Province,and the weaker development level of regionalsmart specialization is in the western provinces.Besides,there is a large polarization phenomenon between the regions with high level of development of smart specialization and the areas with average development level.The spatial effect of smart specialization will be manifested by aggregation effect and spatial spillover effect.The self-reinforcing effect of innovation input on the region itself will focus on the improvement of economic production efficiency in the region under the influence of external innovation environment and aggregation effect of smart specialization.The spatial distribution influence system of regional smart specialization will be constructed from the two aspects,thus input-output dimension and supply-demand dimension.From these four levels,regional economic development level,input factor,regional industrial structure and regional policy factors,7 variables will be selected,which are per capita GDP and R&D,the total time equivalent of personnel,the expenditure of research and development,the sum of patent grants in the first three years of the province,the proportion of manufacturing in GDP,the proportion of FDI in fixed assets investment,and the proportion of government R&D investment in GDP will be proposed.Based on the data of 31 provinces in China from 2014 to 2016,analysis has been made on the principal components of influencing factors of spatial distribution of smart specialization,the result of which shows that the investment of scientific research and innovation,human capital investment,regional economic development level and scientific and technological innovation basis had a positive effect on the development level of smart specialization in the provincial area.The evaluation system of regional smart specialization level has been constructed through the identification of smart specialized industrial clusters of each region by location entropy.Analysis has been made on the development level of smart specialization among different regions and the temporal-spatial distribution patterns of smart specialization.The smart specialization development level has spatial differentiation characteristics and the regional differences in the research areas are increasing.The eastern region is the high value region in the development level of smart specialization.Besides,the spatial distribution of the development level of smart specialization is positively correlated with space.And the competitiveness of regions next to the regions with high development level of smart specialization is relatively strong.In addition,theareas of the same type of spatial relationship are distributed contiguously.The H-H area extends from the central coastal area to the area along the Yangtze River,while the L-L area of the contiguous area in the western area does not change.Moreover,in China,smart specialization distribution is spatially unbalanced.It mainly affected by these factors,such as the level of development of smart specialization industries,the promotion of smart specialization industries,the relevance of smart specialization industries,and the difference of the development environment of smart specialization industries.On the basis of the establishment of regional smart specialization evaluation system,the GM(1,1)gray forecasting model has been introduced to predict the regional smart specialization in the next five years.The spatial distribution pattern of smart specialization has been analyzed with the method of exploratory spatial analysis.The spatial pattern of the development level of current regional smart specialization is generally characterized by the strength of the east and the west,which will remains the same in the next five years.But the difference in competitiveness of smart specialization between regions will tend to decrease.The development level of regional smart specialization will present a positive spatial relationship,but the strength of positive correlation will be weakened.The evolution of local spatial auto correlation will show that some parts of the west will continue to be L-L type,but the eastern coastal and central parts will evolve into H-H type.The spatial distribution of regional smart specialization is a significant manifestation of regional economic development level and general competitiveness.It can not only influence its own development but also the economic development level in adjacent regions.During the development of regional smart specialization,we must make the overall plan on the spatial distribution of smart specialization,establish the selection and cultivation system,value the spatial distribution and strengthen the integration to achieve cooperative development within and beyond the region ultimately.By doing so,we can narrow the smart specialization development gap among different regions,enhance the general development level and promote a balanced development of regional smart specialization. |
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