Towards Sustainable Manufacturing:the Transformation Of Chongqing Manufacturing Promoted By Eco-innovation

Sustainable manufacturing is a merging result of the theoretic research achievements of sustainable development and the practical needs of munafacturing pattern transformation.The disadvantages of traditional munafacturing which can hardly be improved and the challenges that manufacturing industry faced in the 21 th century make sustainable manufacturing a common transformation goal for the manufacturing industry of many countrys in the world.Based on some basic theoritial research on sustainable manufacturing,this paper evaluated the sustainability of manufacturing in Chongqing with a sustainability indicators set.Regarding eco-innovation as an important method to transform from traditional manufacturing to sustainable manufacturing,the paper studied the whole condition,main measures and critical problems of Chongqing manufacturing’s transformation from 4 aspects,which are process eco-innovation,product eco-innovation,organizational eco-innovation,and business pattern eco-innovation.The goal of the study was to provide an action framework for manufacturing industry and some empirical supports for the government to make promoting policies.Sustainable manufacturing is a new manufacturing patter which can improve economic benefits,drive regional economic development,advance stakeholders’ health level and living quality,and promote social harmony and progress at the same time as deducing the products’ negative influence to the eco-system in their life time.Enhanceing the sustainability of manufacturing is a Pareto Improvent,which means to raise the gross capital amount without decreasing any kind of capital stock among ecological capital,economical capital and social capital.According Theme-based Frame,the paper set up a sustainability indicatiors set which covers 3 dimensions,6 themes and 25 indicatiors to assess the change of manufacturing sustainability in Chongqing after it implemented the new industrialization strategy.It was found that though the sustainability of the 3 dimensions had been enhanced,there were still many hidden problems to the future development.According the hierarchical model of eco-innovation,most of Chongqing manufacturing enterprises had stepped into the phase of process eco-innovation;but had not stepped into the phase of product eco-innovation;though most enterprises had carried out some organizational eco-innovation measures,their environmental management system were not sound,the inter-enterprise cooperation was rare,and the industrial symbiosis network grew very slowly;business pattern eco-innovation were uncommon,and the main trend of it was extending industrial chain.Size and ownership are two influencing factos of eco-innovation.The size of an enterprise would determine its socal impact and capital amount.The ownership of an enterprise would affect its culture and management pattern.Besides,eco-innovation was affected by other factors.Compared with process eco-innovation,product eco-innovation was also influenced by market orientation,intra-and inter organizational synergy,enterprise culture and competition environment.Among all the influencing factors to business pattern eco-innovation,new technology and strategic vision of the entrepreneurs played vital roles.Eco-innovation needs the driven force from public policy more than any other kind of innovation.But policies had different function on different kind of eco-innvaiton.To promote process eco-innovation,the main function of policies was to trigger motivation,redistribute resources,diffuse achivements,and protect bennifits of innovation.To promote product eco-innovation,policies should act on four influencing factors,which were marketing,synergy,culture and competition,and help enterprises to transfer their environmental coginition into product eco-innovation activities.To promote organizational eco-innovation,policies should work mainly on founding industrial symbiosis networks,especially ecological industrial chain.To promote business pattern eco-innovation,policies should help to cultivate environmental value,set up industrial internet,develope production servicing business,and play a meta-governance role in the value network.