| Since the financial crisis in 2008,the world has set off a new round of technological revolution and industrial revolution.In order to seize the new commanding heights of economic and technological development,the developed countries in the world are committed to cultivating new economic growth points and competing to develop new industries with strategic and leading features.In recent years,China's economic growth has slowed down,and more and more technical "ceilings" have been encountered".In order to find a solution to the pressure of reality and international competition,the Chinese government promulgated “The decision on speeding up the cultivation and development of strategic emerging industries in 2010”,vigorously developing strategic emerging industries.Strategic emerging industries are based on major technological breakthroughs.However,the lack of key core technologies has not been reversed.Industry-university-institute cooperation as a subsystem of the national innovation system,could set up a technogical bridge for enterprises and universities or research institutions,and provide strong support for the strategic emerging industries in the development of key technologies and the breakthrough of key industry areas.Industry-university-institute cooperation can collaboratively overcome knowledge and technical difficulties in the industrial development and promote technological breakthroughs and product innovation through combined the resources and powers of the enterprises,universities and research institutions,so as to form new products and new industries.Strategic emerging industries have characteristics of strategic,innovative and cutting-edge,and its industry-university-institute cooperation has different features.In theory,it provides a higher platform for the study of industry-university-institute cooperation research,and provides a new carrier and opportunity for deepening and perfecting the cooperation.Therefore,under the dual pressures of international scientific and technological competition and domestic technical demand,systematic research on the mechanism and performance of strategic industry industry-university-institute cooperation,has great theoretical and practical significance on improving the theoretical system of industry-university-institute cooperation,promoting industry-university-institute cooperation,and accelerating the technological breakthroughs of strategic emerging industries.Based on transaction cost theory,innovation theory,strategic alliance theory and the three helix theory,this paper constructs strategic emerging industry's industry-university-institute cooperative dynamic mechanism,benefit mechanism,coordination mechanism and policy guarantee mechanism,and then discusses the influence factors of the cooperation established.Finally,the paper formed a relatively complete theoretical framework.After the theory and mechanism analysis,this paper elaborates the basic situation of China's strategic emerging industries' industry-university-institute cooperation.Within the theory framework,we do empirical research on the two perspectives,using micro survey data to do empirical test on the heterogeneity of strategic emerging industries' industry-university-institute cooperation and the influencing factors,using the medium industry data measure performance of industry-university-institute cooperation in strategic emerging industry and the improvement direction.Further,we deeply discuss the advanced experience and enlightenment of international cooperation.First,we use microcosmic research data which obtained from the questionnaire survey on 426 strategic emerging enterprises in seven provinces and cities from 2012 to 2013 based on the Chinese major national research projects,and from the industrial point of view,taking into account the heterogeneity,distinguish the " industry-university " and " industry-institute " two kinds of cooperation.Logistic two regression models are used to study the factors that influence the establishment of the cooperation,and logistic multinomial regression model are used to make an empirical test on the factors affecting different cooperation ways.It is concluded that affected factors are different between the cooperation of " industry-university " and " industry-institute "." Industry-university " is mainly affected by innovation performance and government tax incentives,however," industry-institute " is mainly affected by R&D intensity and ownership structure.The influence factors of different cooperation ways also each are not identical.The joint research and development cooperation way positively affected by R&D strength,innovation performance,negatively affected by the internal R&D activities and the enterprise scale;Technology transfer cooperation way positively impacted by innovation performance factors,negatively impacted by enterprise scale;Consulting services cooperation way positively impacted by R&D intensity and innovation performance.Second,based on data of the large and medium strategic emerging enterprises in 17 segments from 2009 to 2014,we use DEA super efficiency model to measure the cooperative efficiency and the degree of insufficient and redundancy of input and output.The results show that the performance of China's strategic emerging industries' industry-university-institute cooperation is not low,but there are large differences between industries,the two levels of differentiation is obvious,there is still much room for improvement.The lack of efficiency of industry university research cooperation mainly comes from the invalidity of pure technical efficiency;the cooperation output insufficient degree is more serious,the input redundancy is relatively light,and the industry-university-institute cooperation direct input is the most inefficient.Third,the mode and mechanism of industry-university-institute cooperation in the United States,Britain,Japan,Taiwan being deeply studied.And combined with the analysis of the problems and causes of China's strategic emerging industries' industry-university-institute cooperation,we draw lessons from the international advanced experiences and provide inspiration for our country.Research shows that China also needs to pay attention to the role of government policy guidance and environmental construction,strengthen the function of combining research and application of uiversity or scientific research institutions,introduce venture capital to improve the financing system,and vigorously introduce and cultivate high-end scientific and technological talents.Finally,the main conclusions of this paper are summarized,including: whether China's strategic emerging industry enterprises establish cooperations mainly influenced by technological innovation factors,structural factors and environmental factors,especially the impact of technological innovation factors;the performance of industry-university-institute cooperation innovation in China's strategic emerging industries is not low,but there is a big difference in the cooperation performance among industries,and the differentiation of the two grades is obvious;on the whole,China's strategic emerging enterprises have higher satisfaction with the effect of industry-university-institute cooperation,and in effect,China's strategic emerging industry-university-institute cooperation has achieved key technological breakthroughs in key industries,accelerating the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.Then the paper puts forward policy recommendations,and points out the inadequacies of the study and the future research prospects. |
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