| After the reform and opening up,China has achieved rapid economic and social development,and its urbanization and industrialization process has made a great progress.The area of urban-rural construction land gradually increases,but its utilization is extensive.With the increase of population urbanization rate and the decrease of rural population,rural construction land increases instead of decreasing,and the structure of urban-rural construction land is increasingly unreasonable.This problem seriously endangers China's arable land and food security and hampers the sustainable development of economic and social.The main reason for this problem is the existing urban-rural dual land system.The urban-rural dual land system is an important part of China's urban-rural dual system,and has an obvious tendency of urban,which deepens the imbalance of urban-rural development,and brings a lot of development issues.For the urban-rural construction land use,on the one hand,this system stimulates the local governments' "land finance" tendency,which brings excessive land urbanization,extensive utilization of urban construction land and other issues.On the other hand,the lack of effective transfer and exit mechanism in farmers'homesteads leads to the "hollow village" phenomenon,which is characterized by the rural's people living and keeping empty house and the homesteads' building new houses without demolishing old ones.Therefore,the rural construction land increases instead of decreasing,and the structure of urban-rural construction land is increasingly unreasonable.With a new round reform of the rural land system starting in 2014,the stock of rural construction land is about to be reactivated,arid optimization and adjustment of the structure and layout of urban-rural construction land are imperative.Therefore,this study puts forward some measurement index from the two aspects,that is,the number structure and spatial layout of urban-rural construction land,based on the perspective of urban-rural integrated development,and do a case study using Hubei Province.Then,the relationship between urban-rural construction land use and regional natural conditions and economic and social development level is explored through the proposed measurement index.On the basis of this,two zoning methods of urban-rural construction land for different purposes are proposed.One is the using characteristic integrated zoning,and the other is the coordinated interactive optimization-control zoning.Furthermore,differentiated optimization-control strategies for different zones are presented,and corresponding policy suggestions are given.The main contents and results of this study are as follows:1,the number structure analysis on urban-rural construction land based on the land urbanization rate.Firstly,an analysis framework of the number structure of urban-rural construction land is proposed,which is composed of the narrow number structure analysis on urban-rural construction land and the utilization level of urban-rural construction land.The land urbanization rate is proposed to measure the number structure of urban-rural construction land,and its ideal value is estimated by comprehensively considering both the number structure of the urban-rural population and the utilization level of urban-rural construction land.Furthermore,a dynamic evolutionary process model of the number structure of urban-rural construction land is proposed based on the population urbanization Logistic model.Secondly,the ideal standard values of the utilization level of urban-rural construction land are discussed and determined,and an index system of the relevant factor analysis on the number structure of urban-rural construction land is proposed.Finally,the number structure of Hubei Province's urban-rural construction land is deeply analyzed from several aspects.The analysis results show that the number structure of Hubei Province's urban-rural construction land is very unreasonable at present,while it was basic reasonable in the 1990s.Regions whose land urbanization rates largely deviate from their ideal values be mainly distributed in the central and eastern of Hubei Province.The unreasonability of the central is characterized by its high proportion of rural construction land,while the unreasonability of the eastern is characterized by its high proportion of urban construction land.In general,the unreasonable number structure of urban-rural construction land is mainly characterized by its high proportion of rural construction land,excessiveness of per capita urban construction land,and serious excessiveness of per capita rural construction land.In terms of relevant factors of the number structure of urban-rural construction land,there are many strongly relevant indicators for land urbanization rate,and the correlation with population urbanization rate is the highest.2,the spatial layout analysis on urban-rural construction land based on the spatial pattern of settlements.This part analyzes the spatial variation law of urban-rural construction land at macro-scale from the micro-scale analysis of the spatial pattern of urban-rural settlements.Firstly,an analysis framework of the spatial layout of urban-rural construction land is proposed,which is composed of the spatial pattern analysis between urban and rural settlements,the spatial layout analysis of rural settlements and the correlation analysis between the urban-rural construction land use and the urban system structure.Secondly,from the perspective of the spatial correlation between urban and rural settlements,the cross average nearest neighbor distance,the cross density function,and the spatial layout structure index are proposed to measure the spatial layout of urban-rural construction land.From the aspects of area,shape and distribution characteristics of rural settlement patches,the Gini coefficient of patch area,the perimeter-area fractal dimension index,the patch density index,and the average nearest neighbor index based on patches are used to measure the spatial layout of rural settlements.Finally,the spatial layout of Hubei Province's urban-rural construction land is analyzed.The analysis results show that the spatial pattern between Hubei Province's urban and rural settlements shown a clustered tendency,and the tendency of the mountainous area is relatively stronger than the plain area.However,the spatial variation law of the coordination degree between urban and rural settlement is not obvious,and the urban area has a high coordination degree in general.From the change trend,the degree of aggregation and coordination between urban and rural settlements all increase as a whole.In terms of the spatial layout of rural settlements,the area,shape and distribution characteristics of rural settlement patches all show an obvious spatial variation law.The area differentiation of rural settlement patches increases,the patch shape complexity decreases,and the patch density and aggregation degree all increases.3,the optimization zoning and strategies of urban-rural construction land based on the urban-rural integrated development.Base on the analysis of the number structure and spatial layout of urban-rural construction land,the optimization strategies of urban-rural construction land use are discussed from the macro scale.Two zoning methods of urban-rural construction land for different purposes are proposed.One is the using characteristic integrated zoning based on spatial cluster analysis,and the other is the coordinated interactive optimization-control zoning based on index grading and combination.The analysis results show that Hubei Province can be divided into five different types of using characteristic integrated zones of urban-rural construction land,including three uncoordinated zones of extensive use of urban-rural construction land and two moderate coordination zones.In general,the urban-rural construction land use of the plain area in Hubei Province is more unreasonable than that of the mountainous area.Two grading schemes of the utilization level of urban-rural construction land are used to operate the coordinated interactive optimization-control zoning on Hubei Province.The zoning result under the strict scheme has only 3 types of zones,while the zoning result under the relaxed scheme has all 6 types.The proportions of unreasonable types of urban-rural construction land under the two schemes are 62.64%and 46.55%respectively.Finally,policy suggestions on the optimization of urban-rural construction land are proposed from three aspects,that is,stock digging and increment control of urban construction land,rural construction land consolidation and homestead system reform,and pothook of urban construction land increase and rural construction land decrease. |
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