Study On The Accessibility And Equalization Of Rural Basic Education Services In The Xiantao County Of Hubei Province

The education equity is not only an important field to promote social equality,but also the main direction of education development in various countries.Under the strategic background of promoting the equalization of basic education and the equalization of basic public services in China which regard fairness as the value orientation,Weak service of basic education in the village area has become one of the main obstacles,especially in the process of accelerating urbanization,a large number of rural population flows to cities and towns,urban and rural basic education supply inequality,resource allocation imbalances and other phenomena gradually highlighted,the rural basic education service problem has aroused the widespread attention of the academic circles,and the research on the accessibility and equalization of rural basic education services is the key angle of view that geography serves in this problem.At the same time,the county rural areas are the areas that should be given priority attention when China proposes to take the lead in achieving the equal development of urban and rural areas in the county area.Based on the project of National Natural Science Foundation of China.Take the typical county unit of Jianghan Plain,Hubei Province,Xiantao city as the case,according to the logical idea of"expression?discovery?simulation?countermeasure",This paper on the basis of accessibility measurement of rural basic education service facilities,and considering the spatial and non-spatial connotations of the equalization of basic educational services,try to evaluate the equalization level of rural basic education service,to excavate the service shortage area,and to make clear the implementation plan and policy guarantee through the simulation experiment of service optimization.It aims to provide a reference for the distribution planning of rural primary and secondary schools in the plain area and the development of education services.The paper is divided into eight chapters:The first chapter is the introduction.Starting from the new problems faced by the development of basic education in the process of rapid urbanization in China,this paper makes clear the theoretical and practical significance of this study in light of the realistic background,policy background and theoretical background,then put forward the research target,content,train of thought,technique and method.At the same time,it introduces the typical of the case,the basic situation of Xiantao city and the content of the database.The second chapter is to analyze the main concepts and research progress.First of all,the key concepts of the research are explained and analyzed.Secondly,the paper reviews the domestic and foreign research progress on the accessibility,equity and equalization of basic educational services,and the layout of facilities space,then it summarizes the limitations of the relevant research subjects,the bias of the study area and the differences of the research contents.The third chapter is about the temporal and spatial pattern of rural basic education service development in Xiantao.First of all,based on the time perspective,this paper has combed the evolution of the education service in xiantao which foundation from the aspects of school construction,student education,teacher resources and education funds.Then,based on the spatial perspective,the spatial pattern of the basic educational service facilities in Xiantao was evaluated around the facility layout,the nearest facility distance and the service radius.In addition,it evaluated the elementary education service ability in Xiantao from two different levels of township and school,and according to the questionnaire survey,the choice of the means of transportation,the limit trip time and the admission factors of the rural school-age population were analyzed.The fourth chapter is the analysis of accessibility of rural basic education service facilities in Xiantao,which belongs to the "expression" section of the paper.By using improved potential model and 2FSCA,the facility accessibility of rural school-age population in Xiantao City was measured under walking,riding,driving and comprehensive four travel modes.Through the comparison of the two models of design,calculation results and characteristics of the performance,it is found that the improved potential model can accurately reflect the accessibility of rural school-age population.As for the village-level residential point scale,the spatial accessibility of primary school of residents is universally high at township central areas as well as areas with transport corridors,and shows a distance attenuation process according to a certain radius,but the spatial accessibility of primary school at residential communities adjacent to townships is relatively low.As for the township scale,it presented differences and characters among the regions in Xiantao City,between the urban area and the rural area,and between the central urban area and suburban area.The fifh chapter analyzes the equalization and shortage area of the rural basic education service in Xiantao city,which belongs to the "discovery" section of the paper.Firstly,it evaluated the level of equalization of rural basic education services from the perspective of spatial and non-spatial,It found that the layout of basic educational service facilities in rural areas is dominated by low-level spatial equilibrium,The level of resource allocation equalization shows thegradient pattern between center and periphery,and the level of eastern region is higher,while the western region is lower.Secondly,it excavate the shortage areas of basic education services from two aspects,which including the spatial equality of the facilities layout and the equal allocation of resources,it find that the shortage of facility layout is mainly located in the radius of 5-1 Okm within the center of town,and the villages with short allocation of resources are mainly located in the western part of the county.Thirdly,it analyzes the influencing factors of the equalization of rural basic education services on the theoretical level,and through the case of Xiantao,it is found that traffic conditions,economic development and population are the main influencing factors.Last but not least,The paper puts forward the process of"start-input-output-result-feedback" formed in the shortage area of basic education service,and the input and output paths that affect and influence each component.The sixth chapter is about the optimization simulation of the equalization of rural basic education services,which belongs to the "simulation" section of the paper.Focusing on the spatial and non-spatial perspectives,the optimal simulation is carried out in three aspects:school layout,traffic path and resource allocation.In the field of school layout optimization,on the basis of multi-factor suitability evaluation and selecting alternative schools,two optimization simulation experiments are carried out on the premise of considering cost constraints,and the result of layout optimization considering cost constraints is taken as the proposed scheme.In the field of traffic network optimization simulation,different models and methods are selected respectively from the county spatial scale and the spatial scale of villages and towns,and the optimization scheme is put forward,which including the optimization of the road network and the promotion of the road grade in the surrounding areas of the school.In the field of allocation of basic educational resources,on the basis of the prediction of school-age population,combined with the national and Hubei planning or policy configuration standards and trends,the equalization scheme is put forward which include human resources,material resources and financial resources of the basic education services.The seventh chapter studies the scheme and policy guarantee of the equalization of rural basic education services in Xiantao,which belongs to the "countermeasures" section of the paper.First of all,on the basis of making clear the ideas and principles of equalization of rural basic education services in Xiantao,the goal of "uniformity,equality and homogenization" is put forward,it is suggested that the scheme be implemented in accordance with the overall strategy of clear key tasks,step-by-step and classification strategies.Secondly,according to the optimization simulation results of the equalization of basic education services,and with reference to the phase objectives and overall strategy,the paper puts forward the optimization plan from three aspects of school layout,transportation routes and resource allocation.Finally,based on the analysis of the evolution process and future trends of China's basic education policy,the policy recommendations for the equalization of rural basic education services are put forward.The eighth chapter is the conclusion and prospect.It summarize the main conclusions,put forward the innovation points,and explore the applicability,reference and inadequacy of the case study,then point out the deficiencies of the study and the future research areas.