The Research On The Response Of Farmers' Behavior And Regulation Mechanism In The Protection And Development Of Historic And Cultural Villages

In recent years,with the acceleration of the development of rural tourism in historic and cultural villages,the protection and development of historic and cultural villages has increasingly become the focus of attention and research.The protection and development of historical and cultural villages is related to the conflicts and balances among local governments,local farmers and developers,even tourists,local communities and other stakeholders.If not handled properly,the interests of all parties will be damaged.Farmer households are an important part of historical and cultural villages,and also the main participants in the process of protection and development.Farmer households' willingness and behavior response have a significant impact on the protection and development of historical and cultural villages.However,in the process of protection and development of historical and cultural villages,problems such as violating farmers' willingness and neglecting farmers' rights and interests have seriously affected farmers' willingness to participate and behavior,thus affecting the effect of protection and development of historical and cultural villages,as well as sustainable development and social stability.Therefore,based on the questionnaire survey of 257 farmers in 10 typical historical and cultural villages in Hunan Province,this paper applies statistical analysis,three-way dynamic game model,Multi-ordered logistic model and structural equation model to study the response mechanism of farmers' behavior and its influencing factors,the coupling mechanism between farmers' satisfaction and farmers' behavior response,and the management system and regulation mechanism in the process of the protection and development of historical and cultural villages.Through the research,the main conclusions are as follows:(1)Summarizing the historical and cultural villages in Hunan Province by statistical survey data,it is concluded that Hunan Province has many characteristics,such as a large number,rich types,the most forming years in the Ming and Qing Dynasties,and extremely uneven spatial distribution.(2)Based on the tripartite dynamic game model of local government-tourism developer-local farmers,the research shows that in the process of protection and development of historic and cultural villages,the government's support for the protection and development of historic and cultural villages,the management model of developers and farmers' support and participation in tourism development will have some behavior decision-making parameters.Behavior selection strategies that affect all parties involved in the game,but the government is in the leading position,farmers are the key subjects,developers are important participants.(3)The orderly logistic regression analysis of the factors influencing farmers' decision-making behavior choice in the protection and development of historical and cultural villages shows that the decision-making behavior choice of farmers' participation in the protection and development of historical and cultural villages is influenced by many factors,the behavior intention and attitude of farmers' psychological factors,and the endowment of farmers.Gender,education level,housing area,annual per capita income of villagers in social and economic factors,the ratio of permanent population to registered population,the mode of operation and development in management factors,the democratic decision-making situation of farmers' participation in tourism development and housing property rights are factors that influence farmers' participation in the protection and opening of historic and cultural villages.The choice of decision-making behavior has a significant impact.Therefore,whether farmers support the protection and tourism development of historic and cultural villages is mainly affected by farmers' psychological factors,endowment factors,social-economic factors and management factors,whether farmers' psychology is positive,endowment conditions,participation rights and decision-making rights,and whether they can benefit from tourism development.The factors that farmers should consider when choosing their decision-making behavior.(4)To evaluate the satisfaction degree of farmers in the protection and tourism development of historical and cultural villages in Hunan Province,the overall satisfaction score of farmers is 62.14,the overall satisfaction level is low,and the satisfaction degree of tourism income and power distribution is the lowest.Structural equation model was used to analyze the coupling mechanism of farmers' satisfaction and behavior response in the process of protection and tourism development of historical and cultural villages.The following conclusions were drawn: in the process of tourism development of historical and cultural villages,farmers' awareness has a significant positive impact on farmers' participation,and farmers' participation degree has a very significant positive impact on farmers' satisfaction.Cognition of farmers has a relatively significant positive impact on farmers' satisfaction.Satisfaction of farmers has a very significant positive impact on farmers' support.(5)In the process of protection and development of historic and cultural villages,we should give full play to the main role of peasant households and safeguard the main interests of peasant households.On this basis,we put forward the "government-peasant household-company" trinity of historic and cultural villages protection and development management system and regulation mechanism.That is to say,the protection and development of historical and cultural villages should be led by the government,farmer subject,company involvement.According to the above conclusions,the following policy recommendations are put forward:(1)The relationship between protection,renewal and development and utilization should be properly handled.First of all,protection is the first,followed by planning first,and the third is utilitarian protection.(2)Special attention should be paid to the protection of the overall style and features of villages.First,we should attach importance to the continuation of the original architectural style and spatial pattern of historic and cultural villages,and not adopt the norms and standards of modern urban construction;second,we should pay attention to the protection of the authenticity of historic and cultural villages,and not blindly renovate so-called buildings in the process of renovation,renewal,transformation and new construction.Style ignores the local cultural genes;third,we should pay attention to retaining the authenticity of local production and lifestyle.(3)We should constantly improve the laws and regulations related to the protection and development of historical and cultural villages,dynamically manage them and participate in them from all sides,so as to achieve a win-win situation in the protection and development of historical and cultural villages.(4)Effective protection of the heritage of historical and cultural villages should be combined with moderate tourism development to promote the process of new urbanization and rural revitalization through tourism development.Through the research results of this paper,can provide policy recommendations for the protection of historical and cultural villages and tourism development management for the government at all levels,effectively safeguard the interests of farmers,increase farmers' income,realize the "win-win" of all stakeholders in the process of protection and development of historical and cultural villages,and promote precise poverty alleviation and rural revitalization.It is helpful to promote the protection,development and utilization of historical and cultural villages in Hunan Province,and to promote the construction and practice of a strong tourism economy province in Hunan Province.