Research On The Calligraphy Of The Wang Family In Shandong Xincheng During The Ming And Qing Dynasties

As a famous family of culture,imperial examination and bureaucrats in Ming and Qing Dynasties,Wang family of Xincheng not only made great achievements in the field of literature,but also made great achievements in calligraphy collection,calligraphy creation,engraving.But for a long time,the academic circle has focused on the study of Wang's literary contribution,but ignored his calligraphy contribution.The current researchers of calligraphy history tend to focus on a few elite calligraphers,they don't pay much attention to many ordinary calligraphers and those who are good at calligraphy,and have not formed a clear understanding of the significance of their calligraphy activities.The purpose of this paper is to supplement the deficiencies in this area and explore the new trend of regional diversification of calligraphy after the weakening of the influence of regions south of the Yangtze River calligraphy in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasty;Deepen and expand the research on calligraphy and culture of Wang family in Xincheng;save excavation of a group of long neglected Wang's calligraphers and their works;Studying the calligraphy activities of the Wang family of Xincheng,drawing on the essence of their Calligraphic Culture,promoting the deepening of socialist cultural construction and excellent cultural and educational activities.This article uses a variety of research methods,studies the style origin and influence of Wang's calligraphy in Xincheng by using the method of mutual verification of written materials and pictures of calligraphy works;combined with the social history,ideological history cultural history and calligraphy history of Ming and Qing Dynasties,this article analyzes the relationship between Wang's calligraphy thought and calligraphy style;the historical background and cultural trend of thought in Ming and Qing Dynasties are described in a macroscopic way,The details of Wang family of Xincheng's calligraphy activities are examined in a microcosmic way,On the basis of microcosmic investigation,it gives artistic and academic cognition to Wang family calligraphy in Xincheng;pay attention to the interdisciplinary study of calligraphy,history,literature,epigraphy and aesthetics,and make full use of the knowledge of philology and art,many methods,such as inductive comparison and deductive analysis,are used in this article.This article tries to reflect the nonnal existence of calligraphy in Ming and Qing Dynasties,turn the history of calligraphy into that of the masses,not that of the elites.The whole article is divided into six chapters.The first chapter discusses the rise and fall of Wang family in Xincheng and its cultural heritage,During the Ming and Qing Dynasties,many cultural families emerged in ShanDong,the most famous of which was the Wang family of Xincheng.The family flourished from the middle of Ming dynasty to the middle of Qing Dynasty.Wang family of Xincheng has a relatively stable tradition of family study,and has cultivated many excellent talents in literature,history,calligraphy and painting,seal cutting,etc.The second chapter is about the relationship between Wang family in Xincheng and the literati in Ming and Qing Dynasty.Wang family of Xincheng has extensive friends with many calligraphers,poets and scholars who are good at calligraphy,For example,Wang Xiangqian and Wang Xiangjin have close contacts with Xing Tong and Dong Qichang,Wang Shizhen had frequent contacts with Mao Xiang,Sun Zhiwei,Zhang Zhen,Xuan Ye,Kong Shangren,Chen Yixi,Lin Ji,etc,these calligraphy activities are an important part of the cultural history ofMing and Qing Dynasties.The third chapter discusses Wang's thought of calligraphy with his works.Wang Xiangqian,Wang Xiangjin,Wang Yuwen,Wang Shizhen and so on regard calligraphy as the necessary tool of official position and the important medium of cultivating body and mind.They adhere to the traditional Confucianism and uphold the spirit of Wei and Jin Dynasties.They ideas of calligraphy are influenced by the thoughts of ancient literature and art at the end of Ming Dynasty,and can also be included.The fourth chapter analyzes the artistic style,origin and inheritance of Wang's calligraphy in Xincheng.Wang family of Xincheng attaches great importance to calligraphy education.Kai,Xing and Cao are the key points and the best calligraphy style for Wang's children to learn.In the practice of calligraphy,Wang family of Xincheng adheres to the principle of taking the best method,with Jin and Tang as the tenet,and calligraphy in Song Dynasty,Wang Xizhi,Ou Yangxun,Chu Suiliang,Li Yong,Huai Su,Huang Tingjian are all famous artists who they are follow.Wang Zhiyuan's regular script is elegant and vigorous;Wang Xiangchun and Wang Xiangxian's cursive script are unrestrained,self-adaptive and magnificent.At the beginning of Qing Dynasty,Wang family in Xincheng continued the style of calligraphy in the late Ming Dynasty.Apart from Regular script with small characters,they were not influenced by the style of popular calligraphy style.Wang Shizhen's running script is a typical rule of Tang Dynasty,romantic charm of Jin Dynasty,which is similar to his "verve poetry".The fifth chapter studies Wang's calligraphy collection and inscription activities.Wang family of Xincheng like enjoying and collecting famous engraving of calligraphy and writing of calligraphers,and carves many collections into stele and copybook.Wang Xiangqian,Wang Xiangjin presided over the publication of "zhongQin Study tablet collection of ancient calligraphy" and other inscriptions,which preserved a number of precious calligraphy and cultural and historical data.'Fhe sixth chapter explores the gold and stone activity and its academic significance.In the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties,the epigraphy revived,Wang family of Xincheng also participated in it.Wang Xiangqian,Wang Xiangjin,Wang Yuwen and so on enjoy visiting and collecting gold and stones,Wang Shilu and Wang Shizhen also recorded and studied it.their gold and stone activities are of great academic significance in the early days of the Qing Dynasty.As a literary family,Wang family of Xincheng has not cultivated a first-class calligrapher.Their calligraphy is mainly based on inheritance,and their innovation ability is slightly insufficient.But it is the ordinary calligraphers and the good calligraphers who are represented by them that constitute the necessary foundation for nurturing excellent calligraphers.Wang family of Xincheng frequent calligraphy activities are the expression of the continuous and in-depth development of literati calligraphy in theMing and Qing Dynasties.In their calligraphy creation,the seal of poetry,calligraphy and painting is more closely combined.Wang's friends,calligraphy and stone activities in Xincheng,To some extent,it reflects the life interest,calligraphy concept and academic pursuit of the scholars of Ming and Qing dynasties,As well as the relationship between the cultural life of the aristocratic family and calligraphy,we can see the further integration of Qilu culture,regions south of the Yangtze River culture and Qin Jin culture.In the regions south of the Yangtze River area of Ming and Qing Dynasties,the calligraphy written by literati not only went to the market,but also emerged many professional calligraphers who had the courage to innovate.At that time,the position of calligraphy art in the minds of Qilu literati had also been greatly improved.However,due to the influence of feudal orthodoxy and the restriction of economic environment,a calligrapher of Wang family in Xincheng and good calligrapher,Calligraphy is still only regarded as a tool for official position and a medium for cultivating his body and mind,but rarely as a commodity that embodies the value of labor.On the whole,in the Ming and Qing Dynasties,Shandong's cultural family did not form a stronger sense of calligraphy innovation,which to a certain extent affected the development of its calligraphy in depth.