Analysis Of The Relationship Between Dietary Quercetin Intake And The Prevalence Of Type 2 Diabetes

Background Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia..Diabetes has now become one of the most important non communicable diseases that threaten the health of all human beings.Ninety percent of diabetics suffer from type 2 diabetes.In China,about 110 million people suffer from type 2 diabetes,which is a heavy burden on patients and society.The exact pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes is not clear,genetic and environmental factors are important factors,and the level of oxidative stress and inflammation in the body are closely related to the development of diabetes.Quercetin is a kind of flavonoid,which is widely used in fruits,vegetables,red wine and tea.It has attracted wide attention because of its strong anti-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects.Both in vitro and in vivo experiments confirm that quercetin can improve glucose metabolism and down regulate blood glucose in diabetic rats,but has no effect on blood glucose in healthy rats,and its hypoglycemic effect is dose-dependent.However,in large scale population observational trials in developed countries such as Europe and America,no significant correlation was found between quercetin intake and incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus.At present,similar studies have not been carried out in China.Considering the differences in genetic and dietary structure between the East and the west,we believe that it is of great scientific and practical significance to conduct a research on the correlation between quercetin intake and type 2 diabetes in Chinese population.Objective 1.Taking the medical examiner of the Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Health Management Center from 2014 to 2015 as the research object,the nutritional status of the study subjects was investigated and the dietary structure was improved for the diabetic patients by comparing the dietary structure differences between the diabetic patients and other people.Provide guidance.2.In-depth study of dietary sources of Chinese quercetin,analysis of the main dietary sources of Chinese quercetin and sociodemographic factors on the quercetin intake,to provide guidance for the guidance of different groups of people to improve dietary structure.3.Conduct a cross-sectional study to analyze the relationship between quercetin intake and the incidence of type 2 diabetes in adults over the age of 18 to provide guidance for Chinese residents to eat healthy food.Method Recruit volunteers at the Health Management Center of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital and fill in the informed consent form.Subjects were screened for inclusion exclusion criteria.The subjects were examined first,blood samples were taken,and then a 100-item Food Frequent Questionnaire(FFQ)was filled under the guidance of a trained professional to review their dietary intake over the past month.Combining the FFQ survey results with the “Chinese Food Composition Table” can calculate the intake of each dietary nutrient.Combining the FFQ survey results with the “Chinese Common Food Quercetin Content Database” constructed by this laboratory,the quercetin intake and related sources of the subjects can be calculated.Diagnostic criteria for type 2 diabetes are based on the diagnostic criteria recommended by the Chinese Diabetes Prevention and Treatment Guideline(2010)issued by the Diabetes Society of the Chinese Medical Association.The diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome use the standards set by the International Consensus Conference of the International Diabetes Federation(IDF).Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the association between quercetin and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes.Using the prevalence of T2 DM as a dependent variable,the intake quartile of quercetin was used as an independent variable.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between quercetin intake and T2 DM prevalence.Three models were used: 1)Model 1: Confounding factors of adjustment,including age and gender;2)Model 2: Based on model 1,the social demographic characteristics were further adjusted,including body mass index and prevalence of metabolic syndrome.,smoking status,alcohol consumption,education level,employment status,income level,family history(diabetes,cardiovascular disease,hypertension,including hyperlipidemia),physical activity and dietary external status;3)Model 3: in model 2 Based on the further adjustment of the total energy of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids,carbohydrates,total fat,fiber,vitamin C,vitamin E,raw sugar index,thiamine,nicotinic acid,calcium and sodium intake.Calculate odds ratio(OR)and 95%,confidence interval(95% CI).Result 1.Excluding incomplete questionnaires(284),cardiovascular disease(CVD)patients(1057),cancer patients(273),and 51 patients with type 1 diabetes,a total of 14711 were included in this study.Overall population: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is 6.71%.There were 679 male T2 DM patients,7448 non-T2 DM patients,and 8.35% male T2DM;308 female T2 DM patients,6276 non-T2 DM patients,and 4.68% female T2 DM prevalence.2.Baseline survey results of the study subjects: Compared with the non-T2 DM group,patients with T2 DM had significant differences in some social demographic factors and physical examination indicators,including: higher age,BMI,prevalence of metabolic syndrome,waist circumference Total cholesterol,total triglycerides,low-density lipoprotein,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,physical activity,less than once a week,eating frequency,smoking or ever smoking,drinking alcohol every day,family history of diabetes,and Significant(P<0.05)Lower high-density lipoprotein,1-3 times a week outside dining frequency,non-smoking,occasional alcohol consumption,highly educated(above college),engaged in professional technical work,family history of hypertension;different Gender quercetin intake was divided into quarters and the basic characteristics of the population were analyzed.The results showed that people with high quercetin intake had significantly higher age,BMI,prevalence of metabolic syndrome,waist circumference,total cholesterol,physical activity,frequency of eating less than once a week,previous smoking,engaged in management work,family monthly income;significantly lower blood sugar production index,other than management.3.The study subjects were grouped according to whether they were suffering from T2 DM and the intake of energy and various nutrients was calculated.Compared with the recommended intake,the study included people with high levels of protein,carbohydrates,carbohydrates,iron,and high intakes of vitamin E,sodium,calcium,and low intakes.Other nutrient intakes were within the recommended range.Inside.In addition,the intake of carbohydrates,cellulose,vitamin B1,nicotinic acid,and vitamin C in diabetic patients was significantly lower than that in non-diabetic patients(P < 0.05).The intake of n-3 unsaturated fatty acids in diabetic patients was significantly higher than that in non-diabetic patients.4.The total intake of quercetin in the total population was 25.5±15.6 mg/day,which was higher than the average intakes reported in Europe,the United States,and South Korea.The higher the age,the higher the intake of quercetin;the higher the quercetin intake in men,the higher the BMI value;the higher the intake of quercetin,the higher the measured waistline value;The higher the intake,the higher the total blood cholesterol test value;the higher the quercetin intake in women,the blood total triglyceride detection value is significantly higher;the higher the quercetin intake,the blood is low The measurement of density lipoprotein was significantly higher;in males,the higher the intake of quercetin,the higher the measurement value of systolic blood pressure;the higher the intake of quercetin,the higher the value of diastolic pressure was measured;in males The higher the intake of quercetin,the higher the measurement value of fasting blood glucose;the higher the amount of physical activity,the higher the intake of quercetin;the higher the total energy intake,the greater the intake of quercetin.Increased;intake of quercetin increased significantly in people with higher polyunsaturated fatty acid intake;intake of quercetin increased significantly in people with higher carbohydrate intake;higher total fat intake People,quercetin intake increased significantly;the higher the total glycemic index intake,quercetin intake decreased significantly;The higher the intake of biotin C,the higher the intake of quercetin;the higher the intake of vitamin E,the higher the intake of quercetin;the people suffering from metabolic syndrome are more likely than those who do not have metabolic syndrome.The intake of pheromone was high;people who did not smoke significantly increased quercetin intake compared with those who smoked;among men,quercetin intake was significantly higher among people engaged in management than those who engaged in other tasks;among women,The lower the household income,the lower the intake of quercetin;among men,those with a family history of hypertension have a significantly lower intake of quercetin than those without a family history of hypertension.(P < 0.05)5.By analyzing the main dietary sources of quercetin,it was found that non-type 2 diabetics ingested more Chinese cabbage,beans,oranges and flower teas,and less watermelons,peaches,pineapples and coffee than type 2 diabetics.(P < 0.05).Analysis of quercetin intake in Chinese population revealed that the main dietary sources of Chinese quercetin were apples,green tea,oranges,pears and green vegetables.6.Study on the relationship between the quartile intake of quercetin and the incidence of type 2 diabetes.Model 1 results: ORs(95% CI)for quercetin intake from low to high quartiles and type 2 diabetes incidence were 1.00(reference),0.76(0.63,0.92),0.76(0.63,0.91),0.75(0.63,0.90).Model 2 results: ORs(95% CI)for quercetin intake from low to high quartiles and type 2 diabetes incidence were: 1.00(reference),0.77(0.63,0.94),0.78(0.64,0.95),0.67(0.54,0.80).Model 3 results: T2 DM OR values(95% CI)for quartile intakes of quercetin intake were 1.00(reference),0.76(0.60,0.95),0.75(0.60,0.95),and 0.76(0.59,0.99),indicating that quercetin intake is inversely related to the incidence of type 2 diabetes.Conclusion 1.There is a certain difference in the intake of nutrients between patients with type 2 diabetes and other populations,reflecting a certain degree of imbalance in the dietary pattern of patients with type 2 diabetes.2.In this survey,the dietary quercetin intake of the Chinese population was 25.5±15.6 mg/day,which was higher than those in Europe,the United States,and South Korea.The main food sources for Chinese quercetin intake are apples,green tea,oranges,pears,and green vegetables.There are some differences in the food sources of quercetin between T2 DM patients and other populations.3.There was a significant negative correlation between quercetin intake and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in the Chinese population,suggesting a protective effect of quercetin in the development of T2DM.