| Broiler industry is one of the most important parts of animal husbandry in China.Since the reform and opening up,China’s broiler chicken industry has been developing rapidly,although at the same time,facing the problem of increased production cost,the unmet demands of people for high quality and safe broiler,the biased profit distribution of all subjects in the related industrial chain,and other issues.Based on the opportunities and problems faced by the development of broiler chicken industry in China,in this paper,we analyzed the technical efficiency and total factor productivity of broiler chicken by data envelopment analysis(DEA)and Malmquist total factor productivity,and proposed the key strategies to reduce cost and increase efficiency.Using the production data of 30 provinces from 2004 to 2017,we took quality as a latent variable to construct the quality cost function model.Then we evaluated the quality cost elasticity and quality of broiler chickens in China,and conducted the comparative analysis of different years,provinces and varieties.Based on the current cost and income of each subject in China’s broiler industry chain,we calculated the profit distribution under different business models according to the top and bottom of broiler’s price periods.In addition,we used Shapley value to calculate the optimization scheme of the connection mechanism of the industry chain subjects.Finally,we proposed the policy which could promote the healthy development of broiler industry.The results showed that :(1)the average comprehensive technical efficiency,technical efficiency and scale efficiency were high in China,although not optimal.(2)the total factor productivity of broiler chickens was fluctuating.The change of TFP was mainly caused by technical changes.(3)there was a certain amount of redundancy in the input and output factors of broiler chicken production,and the cost profit margin increased significantly after the optimization of input redundancy.(4)under the current production level,both the quality cost elasticity and the output cost elasticity of broiler chickens in China are smaller than 1,which meant that it was economic scale to improve the quality and quantity of broiler chickens,and broiler producers were willing to improve the quality of broiler chickens.We also found that large-scale breeding could improve the quality of broiler chickens,and the quality of large-scale breeding was higher than that of medium scale and small scale.Feed,manpower input were the major factors that affect broiler quality.(5)there were certain differences in the pattern of profit distribution in the industrial chain of broiler chickens under different business models.The profit distribution of slaughtering,processing and retail took up a relatively large proportion of the broiler chicken’s industrial chain.However,compared with different business models,there were certain differences in the pattern of profit distribution.(6)the cycle of livestock and poultry prices affected the profit distribution pattern of the broiler’s industrial chain,and strengthening cooperation of all subjects of the industrial chain could increase the overall income of the entire industrial chain.Based on the conclusions above,we suggested to promote the research of breeding and applications of modern facilities,accelerate the R&D of the technique of the standardized large scale breeding and prevention and control of major animal diseases,and enhance the education of farmers on broiler breeding techniques and emergent management of diseases.We also suggest to pay attention to the improvement of product quality and brand building;promote the establishment of market risk management system of broiler products and the information distribution network of broiler industry chain;give full play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation,promote the reduction in dosage of veterinary drug while increase in efficiency and feeds cost-saving;strengthen the construction of trade associations and professional cooperatives,establish intense linking mechanism between companies and farmers,and improve the overall competitiveness of China’s broiler industry. |
