Analysis On The Influence Of Prairie Highway Landscape On Drivers’ ECG Characteristics

Highway traffic system is composed of four parts:man,car,road and environment.Researches have shown that when people,car,road and environment lose balance,traffic accidents will occur.The balance of landscape environment between people and highways is an important research content of human-environmental systems.Studying how to maintain harmony between humans and highway landscapes has great practical significance.Grassland is the most important landscape type in Inner Mongolia autonomous region,accounting for more than 70 percent of the total land.Most of the built roads and building roads are in these areas.As a supporter with the function of transportation and tourism,grassland highway has different characteristics from other types.There are flat terrain,low population density and small longitudinal gradient,long lines and big radius curve in the whole landscape.Less traffic and single landscape can make drivers relax vigilance,sow response and decline their attention.As the result of it,the accidents could be caused by long-duration driving.So the study aiming at the ECG features impacted by the landscape is important to explore the driver fatigue rules on different grassland landscape features.At the same time,this study can be seen significant to perfect the grassland highway landscape design,optimize the environment of prairie highway landscape,slow driver tension and fatigue,promote coordination between people and road landscape environment.improve comfort and safety of driving and reduce traffic accident rate.In addition,The research also contributes to the revision and improvement of the current highway technical standards and specifications in China.According to the needs of this research,this paper investigates four grasslands in Inner Mongolia highway expressway landscape as the first step,and then the proportion of landscape in each section was investigated.Secondly,the two experiment roads having heavy differences have been chosen.So the landscape single experiment and time-landscape coupling experiment can be designed based on the two roads;According to the principal component analysis,the main indexes to ECG were confirmed.The real driving test was be selected to collect and analyze ECG signals of drivers in different landscape environment.Thirdly the characteristics and change rules of ECG in different landscape environment can be studied;Through deep analysis to the ECG indexes collected by continuous running under different landscape,the fatigue appearing moment of drivers under the effect of time combined with landscape got further study.It lays the foundation for the optimization of man-machine environment system on grassland highway.Though the study according to the influence of different landscapes on dynamic visual characteristics of drivers,the conclusions are shown as follow:（1）Driving in landscape environmentⅠ,HF_norm and LF/HF fluctuate in a Small range at a low wave frequency;SDNN has a large fluctuation range and a large degree of variation.It explains that the driver is relaxed,vigilance and inattention due to monotorous landscape.If drivers operate in landscape,accidents will be caused easily..（2）Driving in landscape environmentⅡ,HF_norm and LF/HF range large and the vibration frequency is high;The driver’s SDNN has a small fluctuation range and a small mean.It explain that the driver receives information comprehensively on relatively complex landscape containing rolling linear,large traffic interference.So the driver’s operating frequency and vigilance is higher,which is advantageous for driving safety.（3）Drivers with different driving experience and gender has different level in different Ni,SDNN,HF_norm and LF/HF under the same kind of landscape.Furthermore,the differences in ECG are more significant when drivers operate driving task in landscape.It can reflect the total physical and psychological characteristics of drivers;In landscapeⅠand landscapeⅠ,the influence for Ni of drivers due to driving experience and gender is more significant,but the same influence on the driver’s SDNN,HF_norm and LF/HF is not significant.（4）There are differences for the 4 groups of drivers in Ni,SDNN,HF_norm and LF/HF when the task is completed in section 1 and section 2.Though drive on the same road landscape,drivers with different driving experience and gender has different ECG characteristics.What’s more,this difference of section 2 is more significant.Under the coupling of landscape and time,the difference of drivers due to driving experience and gender is not significant in the two sections.（5）When drive in section 1,the time of mental fatigue and physiological fatigue belong to group 1 are 30min-40min and 100min-110min;The time of group 2 are40min-50min、100min-110min and 130min-140min;The time of group 3 are 60min-70min and 140min-150min;The time of group 4 are 30min-40min and 90min-100min.（6）When drive in section 2,the time of mental fatigue and physiological fatigue belong to group 1 are 40min-50min and 110min-120min;The time of group 2 are50min-60min、120min-130min respectively;The mental fatigue time of group 3 is60min-70min and there is no physical fatigue in the whole time;The time of group 4 are50min-60min and 140min-150min..（7）The LF/HF indexes of drivvers in 1,2 and 3 group are averaged to obtain that the time of psychological and physiological fatigue in section 1 are 40min-45min and125min.When drives in section 2,the average time of mental fatigue is 70min,and there is no physiological fatigue within 150min.It indicates that the section with good landscape quality can delay the occurrence of fatigue for drivers.（8）Under the coupling of time and landscape,when drive on section 2,the mental fatigue and physical fatigue of the 4 groups of drivers are later than its occurrence time of section 1.It explains that good landscape quality can delay the occurrence of fatigue for drivers on grassland highway.