Thermal Adaption Of People From Urban And Rural Buildings In Hot Summer And Warm Winter Zone

The summer is hot-humid and long in the hot summer and warm winter zone,and buildings and air conditioner are important conditions for ensuring the thermal comfort of people.Rural folk houses have reserved semi-open spaces,such as corridors and hall to adapt to the climate.In order to define the thermal comfort needs of rural people and the differences between urban and rural people,one year field study have been conducted in the rural natural ventilation buildings in 142 villages in 11 counties in Guangdong Province,and a total of 2290 raw data were collected.At the same time,30 rural healthy youths were recruited as subjects to carry out experiments in seven conditions in the climate chamber.The thermal environment characteristics of the natural ventilation buildings in rural areas were confirmed.The thermal neutral temperature and the upper limit of 80% acceptable temperature in interior space was determined,that is 24.0 ℃,31.1 ℃,and the semi-open space was 23.4 ℃ and 30.3 ℃.The study revealed differences in the thermal response of people between urban and rural natural ventilation buildings.It was found that under the same conditions,the mean skin temperature,skin wettedness,and heart rate of people from rural natural ventilation buildings were significantly higher than those of people from urban natural ventilation buildings,and the upper limit of 90% acceptable temperature of rural people was 1.6 ℃ higher than urban people.With the rapid development of economy and technology and the continuous improvement of living standards,the popularity of air-conditioning has become higher and higher,and central air-conditioned buildings have become an important form of emerging cities in the future.In order to define the thermal comfort needs of people from urban central air-conditioned buildings and the differences from buildings with split-type air-conditioner,a central airconditioned office in the Central Business District of Guangzhou City was selected for a year of field research,and a total of 4,100 raw data were collected.30 healthy young staff who working in the central air-conditioned office environment for a long-term were recruited and conducted experiments in five conditions in the climate chamber.The study identified the thermal environment characteristics of the central air-conditioned building in the city,and determined that the thermal neutral temperature and 80% acceptable temperature range in summer is 27.9 ℃,22.9 to 27.7 ℃,and 24.5 ℃,20.5 to 26.6 ℃ in non-summer.The study revealed a difference in the thermal response of people between the urban central airconditioning buildings and buildings with split-type air-conditioners.It was found that the mean skin temperature of the former was higher than the latter under non-neutral conditions and the physiological adaptability was weak.The former of the upper limit 90% of acceptable the temperature is 2.7 ℃ lower than the latter.Psychological adaptation is an important aspect of thermal adaptation.Quantitative research on psychological adaptation is an important part of understanding the mechanism of thermal adaptation.In order to clarify the influencing factors and mechanisms of psychological adaptation,the climate chamber experiments and field survey data of the four types of urban and rural buildings populations in this summer and winter warm winter regions were used to propose new conceptual models and quantitative methods for psychological adaptation.Using a one-function model,the quantitative parameters of the three aspects of psychological adaptation,namely the thermal history factor,the expectation factor and the perceived control factor,were quantitatively revealed,and the formation mechanism of the psychological adaptation and its influence on the evaluation of the building environment in the hot summer and warm winter regions were accurately revealed.