The Research Of Modern Shanghai Tilanqiao Area Human Setllements(1843-1949)

The regional feature of the city is the accumulation in the long history of the development process,the current in the area of Shanghai city Tilanqiao area is gradually digested,wipe and erase,living area gene is irreversible in disappear.In this paper,the living environment of modern Shanghai Tilanqiao area as the research object,using scientific theory research methods through comprehensive financial environment,study from the city space and street form,building type,landscape,public environment health,and the design major visual angle of research on human settlements will expand to the furnishings and decoration,a full range of combing the modern more than 100 years Tilanqiao area living condition,human evolution,human culture form etc.Based on the three core disciplines of architecture,urban planning,landscape architecture and the professional standard of design,this paper systematically combs and excavate the natural environment and historical evolution of the basket bridge area.Starting from the relevant historical materials and adjacent areas photographs,based on the proposed Tilanqiao before Shanghai port opening the natural environment for rural villages and villages in Jiangnan size distribution,mainly scattered farmland with natural landscape,and with the opening of Shanghai and the new legislation,expand public concession concession and gradually change.The formation of Tilanqiao area city in the process of city space and street form reflects the changing process and the main characteristic of human settlements of city space.This paper analyzes the relationship and evolution of the network,that is to promote the road between the living environment changes and the city is expanding gradually while relying on Road extension in space,the distribution of road construction in the city in the early development depends largely on the water and go to.Study on the basis of "old street form the Shanghai business guide"(about 1937-1940 years)of the maps and the field mapping,mainly from three aspects of plane shape,facade shape and space form of both independent and mutual fusion.The plane form of modern Tilanqiao area shows self growing in the planning of the city,in the flat form orderly whole are relatively common in the presence of Sidaluanjian,occupy the road conditions;elevation reflects the characteristics of Chinese traditional forms of architectural style and modern western architectural blend coexist,the ratio of D/H of the street also experienced change from big to small;space form is mainly based on historical photos are discussed,and the comprehensive index of various forms of street,can determine Tilanqiao street space form from traditional to modern,from intermittent to neat,through to the city,from the change from single to rural living mainly in commercial residential combined time and space to Broadway,Seward road as a starting point,and gradually moved to the East and north.Tilanqiao area building types,residential is the most widely distributed the most common types of religious buildings,prison buildings,service shipping buildings,market building,school building not only has a certain universality,which also bears a unique area--Tilanqiao prison and Jews building a unique regional culture.The interior human settlement environment is less involved in the existing research results of the existing human settlement environment,and is also an effective supplement to the theory of the study of human settlement environment in the perspective of design.Tilanqiao area interior living environment reflects the difference of stratum age design and aesthetic characteristics and the living body.In terms of materials are mainly wood and gypsum as the main decoration materials,ceiling,flooring,stair handrails,fireplace,doors and windows,furniture etc.Because of different levels of residents are significantly different;compact civilian decoration(such as Tangshan Road San Yi Cun Lane)style and family decoration(such as Gaoyang Road Lane 215)etc.In different historical periods,foreigners from different countries brought different styles of interior furnishings culture,especially the "comfort house"reflecting the Japanese evil deeds and the Jewish style brought by Jews.In non center of the role play in modern Tilanqiao area,road greening landscape showing a discontinuous and unbalanced state,has not formed a more systematic and comprehensive green landscape.Among them,the two is of special significance to landscape is Mount Holyoke Park and the mountain theater in Roof garden,they provide a very important space for outdoor activities for the Jewish refugees during World War II,Huishan Park as the only one in the region of the park and its role is particularly significant,occurred more than four times the historic changes of the park landscape.The influence of public environmental sanitation Tilanqiao area affected by the overall management,concession operation,unified in the overall,but also has its own "dual rolet".In addition to solving the public environmental hygiene in this area,we also rely on Hongkou port to undertake the public environmental health problems such as refuse transfer and incineration,excrement transport and other public health problems in the concession area.In the past more than 100 years,the area of the Tilanqiao has shifted from the traditional country to the modern city.The living environment is affected by the geographical location and waterfront environment.The time series of the construction is changed from the south to the north and from the west to the East.This process was greatly influenced by the expansion of modern Shanghai's opening port and concession.It was greatly integrated into different heterogeneous cultures in different historical stages,forming the habitat culture including the lane culture,the Jewish culture,the legal culture and the religious culture.The modern Shanghai Tilanqiao area living environment influenced by the modern society "embedded" model of development,subject to the overall impact of economy,society,religion and politics,showing a trend of external decision stage,fracture type,and has obvious stage,micro regional differences and timing feature.The stage is reflected in at least can be divided into the period of the opening of Shanghai to the United States(1843-1863),the public concession concession early(1863-1900),middle(1900-1937),the public concession period of Japanese occupation(1937-1945)and victory(1945-1949)to the founding of new China.Microregional differences are characterized by different human settlements in the region of the old American concession in the southwest of the region,the southern Huangpu River region and the coastal and northern regions of the Hongkou river.Timing is directly reflected in the time sequence,direction and intensity of the establishment and activity of the concession authorities.The modern Tilanqiao area residential soft environment(policy,regulations,culture and Religion)and it is synchronous,the homogeneity of internationalsettlement,but also the formation of the regional characteristics of the final formation and continues today.Based on the historical research above,combined with the current situation of human settlements and its outstanding problems,this paper makes a summary and Prospect on how to improve the quality of human living environment.