| China's economy has shifted from the rapid development stage to the highquality development stage,with the transformation of economic growth mode,conversion of new and old economic kinetic energy,and promotion and upgrading of economic transformation becoming the development theme.Under the context that the carrying capacity of resource and environment is appoaching the ceiling meanwhile demographic dividend is waning,developing the high quality economy driven by the total factor productivity(TFP)is an inevitable choice.This growth mode infers proactively adapting to the new normal economy,breaking through development bottlenecks,and optimizing the efficiency of resource allocation,which is the key to handling the relationship between the government and the market as well.The government is an important actor to ensure the high-quality development economy,and industrial policies are vital measures for the government to promote industrial development and industrial structure transformation.The government,as the "visible hand",takes the advantage of aggregate information to formulate a series of industrial policies that can change the factor endowment structure of the region,inversely promote the innovation of enterprises,induce technological progress to show biased characteristics.Then the market failures will be corrected,the development of emerging industries and key industries will be guided,and resource allocation will be Optimized.With obsorbing the previous research results,based on theories of management science,industrial economics and econometrics,three scientific questions are put forword according to the development status of industrial policy,technological progress bias and TFP in China:(1)what is the influential mechanism of industrial policy and biased technological progress on TFP?(2)Can the biased technological progress play a mediating role in the influence of industrial policies on the regional TFP at the macro level?(3)How much can adaptability of biased technology progress and factor endowment structure influence on TFP of enterprises? Aiming at above problems,the main contents and conclusions of the thesis are as follows:Firstly,the impact mechanisms of industrial policy and biased technological progress on TFP are analyzed.By analyzing the mechanism of industrial policy on TFP,we find that industrial policy has direct effect on TFP,with uncertain direction of influence.The implementation of industrial policy will affect level of the factor scarcity and relative price in a certain economy,and determine the technological progress bias owing to the two forces of price effect and market scale effect.The price effect causes the technological progress to be the scarce factor,while market scale effect makes the technology advance to be the abundant factor.Because the two effects are opposite,the variety of technological progress will ultimately be determined by the elasticity of element substitution.The effect of biased technological progress on TFP can be expressed by the displacement and slope of the isoquant curve on basis of the marginal technical substitution rate of factors.When the factor endowment structure matches the technological progress bias,the enterprise's production technology can be improved,the knowledge spillover effect and diffusion effect can be expanded,the factor allocation can be optimized,and the scale efficiency can be improved,which will finally boost the total factor productivity.Secondly,the dissertation disscusses the measurement and analysis of industrial policy,biased technological progress and TFP.Local regulations and local laws taken as proxy variables of industrial policy,we use Python web crawler to crawl the data of policy documents related to industrial development in the laws and regulations database of CNKI;Then the technology progress bias index of provinces and regions from 1997 to 2017 is calculated with stochastic frontier transcendental logarithmic production function method;and by Malmquist Exponential Method and transcendental logarithmic production function method,we figure out regional TFP growth.At the micro level,government subsidies are taken as the proxy variables of industrial policies,and the OP method is used to measure the total factor productivity of enterprises.Thirdly,the impact of industrial policy and biased technological progress on regional TFP is analyzed with macro level panel model.Based on the panel data of 30 provincial regions in China from 1997 to 2017,we find out that the industrial policy lead to and strengthen the endogenous power of China's technological progress bias.Owing to the partial mediating effect of technological progress bias,the positive impact of industrial policies in the form of local laws and regulations on TFP has been further strengthened.Furthermore,the mediating effect of biased technological progress is tested in different periods and regions.The results show that: taking 2009 as the time node,the total direct effect of industrial policy on TFP changes from negative to positive;the intermediary effect of biased technological progress in areas of eastern,central,western and northeast regions is significant,but due to the different development stages of regional economy,factor endowment structure and differences in the matching degree of biased technological progress determine whether the marginal contribution of biased technological progress to TFP is positive or not.Fourthly,the dissertation empirically analyzes the impact of industrial policy and biased technological progress on TFP of enterprises at micro level.Taking government subsidy as the proxy variable of industrial policy,this dissertation uses the panel data of 23 A-share listed companies in China's manufacturing industry from 2008 to 2019 to construct a threshold panel regression model to explore the threshold effect of government subsidies on the TFP of enterprises,and conduct grouping test according to the heterogeneity of enterprise ownership,industry and enterprise scale.The results show that government subsidies at extreme level will hinder the improvement of total factor productivity of enterprises.Furthermore,we test the transmission mechanism of biased technological progress between government subsidies and enterprise total factor productivity.Fifthly,the dissertation is mainly involved in the impact of adaptability of factor endowment structure and technological progress on regional TFP.According to the framework of factor substitution elasticity,the heterogeneity regional stochastic frontier model is constructed,and the dynamic change trend of regional total factor productivity is analyzed based on the adaptation of factor endowment structure and technology selection structure.At the provincial level,the static panel data model is used to test the effect of three technological progress modes,namely independent innovation,imitative innovation and technology introduction,for the influence of technological progress bias and factor endowment structure on the TFP,by being seperated into matching group and mismatching group.According to the research results,the appropriate technological progress path which based on the improvement of total factor productivity is proposed.Sixthly,the last section is about the main conclusions and policy recommendations.The papre summarizes the full text,form research conclusions,and put forward policy advice for promoting the level of TFP at the government?the area and the enterprise level.The policies provided by the government include optimizing the system environment for factor flow,improving the industrial policy system,the symbiosis between industrial policy and marketization,and encouraging enterprise R&D innovation.The relevant suggestions put forward at the regional level include the adoption of differentiated technological advancements based on the characteristics of regional heterogeneity,promoting the development of regional economic integration.At the enterprise level,it is recommended to timely adjust the bias and degree of technological progress,establish a long-term mechanism for technological innovation,etc.The main contributions and innovations of this dissertation are as follows:(1)The article proposes an analysis framework based on three variables.Breaking through unitary research angle,not by one of perspectives of industrial policy and total factor productivity,biased technological progress and total factor productivity,the research puts industrial policy,biased technological progress and total factor productivity into the same research framework,and detailedly analyzes how industrial policy and biased technological progress promote total factor productivity;(2)A stochastic frontier production function that reflects regional heterogeneity is establish.In terms of research methods,python web crawler is used to crawl the data of policy documents related to industrial development in the laws and regulations database of CNKI to identify and quantify industrial policies.Due to unbalanced distribution of regional factor endowments,this dissertation constructs a heterogeneous regional stochastic frontier model under the framework of factor substitution elasticity to investigate the dynamic adaptability of factor endowment structure and biased technological progress and its impact on regional total factor productivity.(3)The matching of factor endowment structure and technological progress bias is used as the basis for the choice of regional technological progress.This dissertation combines threshold model with intermediary effect model,dynamic panel model(SYS-GMM estimation)and static panel model.Empirically from different perspectives of various models,we found that industrial policy can promote regional TFP production through biased technological progress at the macro level,and the optimal range of government subsidies exists for the impact of industrial policy on enterprise TFP. |
PDF Full Text Request