Study On The Common Plants Mycorrhizal Structure And Rhizosphere AMF Diversity Of Different Plant Communities In Central Province, Mongolia

With the double destruction of man-made activities and natural causes,the prairie biodiversity and ecosystem function are reducing rapidly,manifest in phenomenon such as grassland desertification,wetland sharply reduction,soil quality’s degradation,erosion of wind,soil and water.It restricts the development level of Mongolia’s financial condition and production forces,so the protection and utilization of biodiversity resources is extremely urgent.Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)has a widely distribution and species diversity,also has very important functions to maintaining material circulation in ecosystems,improving ecosystem productivity,and ecological restoration.We selected different plant communities and the common plants in the central province of Mongolia to research on correlation between species diversity,genetic diversity and AM fungi distribution with physical and chemical properties of soil in this study.The main results are as follows:1.Among the 69 common plants in Mongolia’s Central Province,65 species wereinfected by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,accounting for 94.2%.The proportion of AM plants in the Asteraceae is 85.7%;90% in Gramneae;100% in Rosaceae and legumes;both Arenaria capillaris Poir and Dianthus versicolor Fisch of Caryophyllaceae were colonized in different degrees,respectively.There were 37 species of Arum-type in AM plants,accounting for 54.92%;15 species of Paris-type,accounting for 24.62%.Paris-type mostly appeared in Ranunculaceae,Umbelliferae,Gentianaceae,Campanulaceae,and some Gramineae;The Arum-type mostly appeared in the plants of Asteraceae,Liliaceae,Leguminosae and Cyperaceae.2.There are 34 species belong to 10 genera of 6 families isolated and identified from AM fungi spores in research area: 9 species of Acaulospora,1 species of Ambispora,3 species of Claroideoglomus,1 species of Diversispora,1 species of Funneliformis,13 species of Glomus,1 species of Rhizophagus,2 species of Septoglomus,1 specie of Scutellospora.2 species of Entrophospora(1 unknown species)of unclassified taxonomic status;we identified 23 species to genus,11 unknown species to genus.The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus dominant genuses were Acaulospora and Glomus,the dominant species was C.etunicatum,common species were Acaulospora mellea,Glomus multiforum and the occasional species was Amb.Feninica.Until now,the first reported species both in China and Mongolia was Amb.Feninica,the first reported species in Mongolia were Acau.denticulate,Acau.mellea,G.multiforum.,The Species richness was between 2-12 and Spore density was between 12-164 in100 g soil of samples.Shannon-Weiner index was between 0.5-2.138 and theSimpson index was between 0.32-0.999.3.The AM Fungus 18 S rRNA was sequenced by the Miseq Sequencing Platform,a total of 695 OTUs were generated,and annotated to 27 AM fungus species,respectively,belong to six genus as follows: Septoglomus,Rhizophagus,Glomus,Funneliformis,Dominikia,Claroideoglomus.The molecular biotechnology identification results of superior species were consistent with morphological identification.4.Rhizosphere soil nutrient content were difference in Artemisia dracunculus and others,AP was 7.6-27.4 mg/kg and AN was 9-27.2 mg/kg,A.pot was 80-128.5mg/kg,P was 32.13-74.81 mg/kg,N was 2.31-6.69 mg/kg.5.The AM fungi diversity indices such as spore density,Species richness,Shannon-Weiner index and Simpson index were different in 15 common plants soil,and the Simpson index is extremely negative correlated with the available phosphorus content in soil(P<0.01).6.High proportion of mycorrhizal plants in common plants in the study area,AM fungi diversity in plant rhizosphere was also high,and the species richness is higher in the Acaulospora and Glomus,influenced by host plants and soil environmental factors.The results of this study have laid the foundation for the investigation of mycorrhizal plants and AM fungi resources,biological diversity and their distribution rules in different vegetation types of Mongolia,and the physiological and ecological functions of AM fungi.