Study On Capitalization Operation Of Agricultural Ecological Resources And Its Policy Demand

In the Overall Plan of Ecological Civilization System Reform issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council,it is put forward that"it should establish the concepts of natural value and natural capital,the natural ecology is valuable,the protection of nature is the process of increasing natural value and natural capital,and is to protect and develop the productive forces,which should get a reasonable return and economic compensation".The report from the nineteen national congress of the party pointed out that "man and nature are the community of life,human beings must respect,conform to and protect nature".In 2018,the central No.1 document further pointed out that "impelling the quickening appreciation of natural capital in rural areas,and achieving the unity of the richness and ecological beauty".It not only is to grasp the current ecological civilization construction but also points out the new idea and path for natural resources utilization in China to set the value of nature and the philosophy of man and nature being the community of life,and accelerate rural natural capital appreciation,so as to provide theoretical support for the model innovation of resource development.As the main embodiment form of natural resources,agriculture ecological resource is the main component of natural resources.However,constrained by priceless thought of traditional resources in human practice,there is a serious imbalance of the management system of agricultural ecological resources and the market regulation failure of resources,which leads to inefficient resource utilization and restricts the sustainable development of economy.Especially in recent years,the demand for agricultural ecological resources is increasing with the economic and social development.On the one hand,the supply-demand relationships of agricultural ecological resources,such as agricultural land,agricultural water resources and other major agricultural ecological resources are tense,and the resource development is over-loaded.On the other hand,the utilization efficiency of agricultural ecological resources in China is low.Land abandonment phenomenon is more obvious,and the rural collective forest has not been used effectively for many years,so there are dual contradictions of agricultural ecological resources shortage and inefficient resources use,which seriously affects China's agricultural modernization development and rural ecological civilization construction.The important reason for this phenomenon is that the property rights of agricultural ecological resources are not clear,the value is seriously undervalued,and the agricultural ecological resources can not realize the value preservation and appreciation.In order to solve this problem,it is urgent to define the property rights of agricultural ecological resources and evaluate its value.However,a single property right definition and valuation can only alleviate the contradiction between the utilization of agricultural ecological resources and economic development to a certain extent,and can not fundamentally solve the problems of agricultural ecological resources shortage and low utilization rate.Based on this,the author believes that only by changing the resource utili-zation way,is the implementation of agricultural ecological resources capitalization opera-tion the key to solve the problem.That is to say,through the definition of property rights of agricultural ecological resources,the resources are changed into assets,and then the value of agricultural ecological assets is evaluated,making the agricultural ecological assets transform into agricultural ecological capital.Through the market mechanism,the agricul-tural ecological resources achieve value appreciation and efficient sustainable utilization in the form of agricultural ecological capital operation.However,the capitalization operation of agricultural ecological resources is a very complicated process,which will be realized in a certain way only under the situations of the complete element composition,sufficient operating condition and corresponding policy support.This paper is based on the support and preliminary research foundation of the Key Project of National Social Science Fund "Policy System Construction of Natural Resources Capitalization Market Construction in China"(15AZD062).Agricultural ecological resour-ce is taken as the research object,the combination method of literature research and social survey method,qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis,theoretical research and case analysis is used.Value theory of agricultural ecological resources,ecological capital theory,property right theory,evolutionary game theory,market trading theory and agricultural policy theory are taken as theoretical basis.From the perspective of agricultural ecological resources capitalization operation and policy requirement,the element,condition,process,and method of agricultural ecological resource capitalization operation are analyzed,quan-titative analysis of the policy requirement of agricultural ecological resources capitalization operation is conducted,the policy orientation and optimization strategy of agricultural ecological resources capitalization operation are proposed.It hopes to revitalize the agri-cultural ecological resources and mine agricultural ecological capital value through policy support,so as to impel the change of resources use way,and realize the efficient and sus-tainable utilization of agricultural ecological resources.Specifically,the research frame-work of this paper includes three parts:introduction,text(Chapter 1 to Chapter 6),and research conclusions and prospects.The main contents are as follows:The introduction discusses the background and significance of the research,summari-zes and comments research literatures on agricultural ecological resources,agricultural ecological capital,agricultural ecological resource capitalization operation at home and abroad,clears research idea,method and content,analyzes the possible innovation and deficiency.Chapter 1 is the core concept definition and theoretical basis.Starting from four forms in agricultural ecological resources capitalization operation process,agricultural ecological resources,agricultural ecological assets,agricultural ecological capital,agricultural ecolo-gical products,capitalization operation of agricultural ecological resources are defined,and the theoretical basis of agricultural ecological resources capitalization operation is expo-unded.Chapter 2 is the realistic foundation and analysis framework of the capitalization operation of agricultural ecological resources.Firstly,it elaborates internal and external environments of agricultural ecological resources utilization in China from the supply and demand of agricultural ecological resources,ecological carrying capacity,agricultural ecological consumption market.And then the comparative advantage of the capitalization operation of agricultural ecological resources is analyzed,and the capitalization operation process of agricultural ecological resources is evaluated.Finally,the frameworks of agri-cultural ecological resources capitalization operation and its policy requirements are described in detail,so as to write the outline for the full text.Chapter 3 is the analysis on element and condition of agricultural ecological resources capitalization operation.It mainly expounds the element composition and operating condi-tion of agricultural ecological resources capitalization operation.First,it elaborates capita-lization subject elements dominated by government,enterprises and farmers,capitalization object elements dominated by agricultural ecological environment,agricultural ecological resources and agricultural eco-economic system,and capitalization external environmental factors dominated by ecological technology,ecological market,related capital,policies and regulations.Then based on game theory,game analysis on the interest among government,enterprises and farmers in the capitalization operation process of agricultural ecological resources is conducted.Finally,the operation conditions of agricultural ecological resour-ces capitalization are analyzed,including the cognitive conditions,prerequisites,basic conditions,implementation conditions and guarantee conditions.Chapter 4 is the analysis on the process and pattern of agricultural ecological resour-ces capitalization operation.Starting from the driving force of capitalization operation of agricultural ecological resources,it expounds the driving roles of economic development strategy transformation,corporation interest pursuit and policy support on the capitalization operation of agricultural ecological resources.Then,the entry,starting,value-added and realization processes of agricultural ecological resources capitalization operation are analyzed.Finally,according to the difference of agricultural ecological resources capitali-zation operation pattern and its capital goods,two realization ways are divided:the low-level form of barter capitalization and advanced form of rights and interests trading capitalization,barter dominated by transfer and lease and rights and interests trading dominated by mortgage,stock,and securitization are analyzed.Chapter 5 is policy demand for the capitalization operation of agricultural ecological resources.Based on prior research on the capitalization operation theory,forest resource is taken as an example,and the policy demands of capitalization,factoralization,production and marketization of farmers and enterprises in the operation process of forest resources capitalization are quantitatively analyzed.The priority orders of their policy needs are sorted,their policy demand difference is compared,and the reasons for the difference are analyzed.Chapter 6 is the policy orientation and optimization strategy part for the capitalization operation of agricultural ecological resources.Based on policy demand of forest resources capitalization operation,starting from the four processes of capitalization operation of agricultural ecological resources,the policy orientation of agricultural ecological resources capitalization operation is proposed,and resource property rights reform policy,asset management policy,capital market construction policy and product subsidy policy are expounded.Besides,the optimization strategy of existing agricultural ecological resources capitalization operation policy in China is put forward,hoping to impel the effective imple-mentation of agricultural ecological resources capitalization through policy optimization.The part of research conclusions and prospects describes the basic conclusions obtain-ed from the previous research,points out the problems and key points to be studied in the future,and forecasts the subsequent research of agricultural ecological resources capitali-zation operation.On the whole,based on the theoretical research and practical exploration results of agricultural ecological resources capitalization operation at home and abroad,this study explores the core issues of the capitalization operation of agricultural ecological resources and its policy demand.In view of such framework arrangement,appropriate innovation is conducted in the study process,and the possible innovation points are mainly in the foll-owing five aspects.First,it is a new perspective to study the capitalization operation problem of ecologi-cal resources at the agricultural level.Through combing the relevant literatures,it is found that most of the researches on capitalization of ecological resources are based on ecologi-cal resources or specific ecological resources,and there is little study on agricultural ecological resources.This study breaks through the original research perspective and takes agricultural ecological resources as the object,with certain characteristics in the perspec-tive of research.Second,this study attempts to break through the limitations of the traditional ecologi-cal capital theory,and introduce the agricultural ecological capital into the research category of the capitalization operation theory.Through the study of the capitalization operation problem of agricultural ecological resources,agricultural ecological environment and agricultural ecological resources are taken as the endogenous variables of economic development,so as to break through the traditional theory of ecological capital operation only taking the ecological environment and ecological resources as exogenous variables,enrich and expand the research content and scope of ecological resources capitalization operation theory.Third,this paper has a good theoretical logic in the study thinking.This paper first expounds the dual pressures and dilemmas of the utilization of agricultural ecological resources,and leads to the innovation of resource utilization mode,so as to put forward the necessity of implementing the capitalization utilization of agricultural ecological resources.Then the capitalization operation of agricultural ecological resources is mainly analyzed.Finally,the policy demands of agricultural ecological resources capitalization operation of farmers and enterprises are quantitatively analyzed.It also follows the logical relationship of "putting forward questions-analyzing problems-solving problems" in the research thinking and has strong logic.Fourth,the policy orientation of agricultural ecological resources capitalization operation is cleared,which provides theoretical basis and decision reference for standar-dizing the capitalization operation of agricultural ecological resources in China to a certain extent.As a kind of new resource utilization mode,agricultural ecological resources capita-lization could be realized in one manner under the support of corresponding policy.Based on the analysis of agricultural ecological resources capitalization operation,the policy orientation of agricultural ecological resources capitalization is constructed from four dimensions:resource property rights reform,assets management,capital market cons-truction and product subsidy.The research results could provide reference for the trans-formation of agricultural ecological resources utilization mode and the implementation of capitalization operation in China.Fifth,it pays attention to the practical application of the theoretical analysis of the capitalization operation of agricultural ecological resources.After the theoretical analysis,actual case analysis is conducted,and the forest resources capitalization is selected as a case.The theoretical analysis combines with actual policy needs of one agricultural ecological resources capitalization,which makes the conclusions tested in the practice.Moreover,it plays a guiding role in optimizing the policy system of agricultural ecological resources capitalization in China.Although there are some innovations in this study,there are still some limitations,and some problems need to be discussed further.In particular,the regional difference and policy simulation of the capitalization operation of agricultural ecological resources need further expansion,and further discussion is needed for the operation performance and risk management of agricultural ecological resources capitalization operation.The quantitative analysis of the capitalization operation of agricultural ecological resources needs to be strengthened,and the organization and management system of the capitalization operation of agricultural ecological resources needs further deepening.Therefore in the process of follow-up research,it needs to make up for the defects and shortcomings of the existing research,and make a systematic research on the capitalization operation of agricultural ecological resources.