The Research On Vegetable Production Efficiency And Its Time And Space Effect In China

The development of agricultural industry is an important part of implementing the strategy of Rural Revitalization and deepening the agricultural supply side reform.With the constrain of limited agricultural production resources and the destruction of ecological environment as well as the increasing rigid demand for vegetable,the sufficient supply of vegetable products in China is facing with new challenges.It seems that only by improving vegetable production efficiency can China maintain sufficient vegetable supply.Based on the theoretical framework this study constructs a evaluation framework that fits the characteristics of vegetable production and analyses the time-space characteristics,the influencing factors and economic spillover effects of vegetable production efficiency by applying SBM-DEA,Meta-Frontier Malmquist-Luenberger Index,spatial econometric models,Economic Center of Gravity Model and three stage Bootstrapped-DEA model and CGE model.This study consists of four parts.In the first part,we proceed the theoretical analyses on relate issues of this study and discuss the contribution of efficiency in vegetable production development.In the second part,we evaluate the level of vegetable production efficiency from the aspects of industry comparison,different type of species and regional differences.In the third part the characteristics of vegetable production efficiency are analyzed from the aspects of both time and space change.And in the last part,the influencing factors of vegetable production efficiency and its spillover effect on other economic departments are discussed.The main conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)The theoretical analysis shows that the vegetable production efficiency can be defined from factor productivity,industrial productivity and TFP.The effect of technology progress can be shown in the level of production efficiency.The measurement of production efficiency is based on the theory of Frontier Production Function.(2)The analysis of the development and contribution of vegetable production efficiency shows that vegetable production and its efficiency in China has been increasing since reform and opening.Meanwhile,the increasing in efficiency has make great contribution to the production.(3)The analysis of vegetable production efficiency characteristics from the aspect of agriculture industry shows that compared with grain and cash crop,vegetable production has higher input level,higher output and higher rate of return And the technical efficiency of vegetable is higher than other two kinds of crop.The fluctuating range of vegetable production TFP is relatively greater but overall growth rate is slower than grain and cash crop.(4)The analysis of vegetable production efficiency characteristics from the aspect of different varieties shows that fruit vegetables like cucumber and tomato have higher level of technical efficiency and leaf vegetables show disadvantages in technical efficiency score.Decomposition of the inefficiency shows that redundancy and excessive emissions of environmental pollution are the main resources of efficiency loss.The distribution of efficiency and production resources reveals the existence of mismatch and unbalance.(5)The analysis of vegetable production efficiency characteristics from the aspect of different regions shows that the 31 provinces in China can be divided into 6 groups based on their consumption level,vegetable production and agricultural resources.And within these 6 groups,the groups with higher level of agricultural resources have advantages on vegetable production efficiency,which may make contribution to vegetable supply in the future..(6)The analysis of time change characteristics of vegetable production efficiency shows that the decline of technical efficiency is the main cause of "backward" of vegetable production TFP meanwhile technological progress is the main pulling power of economic and environmental TFP.TFP of outdoor vegetable production is higher than that of greenhouse vegetable but TFP of greenhouse vegetable production shows significant catch-up growth trend.(7)The analysis of space change characteristics of vegetable production efficiency shows that vegetable economic efficiency has significant sigma-convergence trend and ?-convergence trend,and for the regions who has the similar vegetable production structure the convergence trend is stronger.For regions with higher percentage of agricultural production or vegetable production,their production efficiencies are closer to the balance state of P-convergence.And the increasing of R&D investment in agricultural department can have both positive direct and spillover effect on vegetable production TFP.(8)The analysis on influencing factors of vegetable production efficiency shows that the main cause of farmers' vegetable production technical efficiency loss are the application level of farmers'production and management technology,which refer to the appliance of fertilizer and the cost spent on seeding in this research.The increasing of the number of labors that involved in vegetable production,risk-averse vegetable producer and the adoption of environmental protection-oriented production technologies have significantly positive effect on vegetable production efficiency.(9)The analysis of the spillover effect of vegetable production efficiency progress on other economic departments shows that vegetable production is one of the most important part of China economy,and the changes of its efficiency bring spillover effects on other part of economy.With higher vegetable production efficiency,the GDP of China would increase,and the international competitiveness of vegetable products in China will be stronger.From the aspect of agricultural production resources,the increase in vegetable production efficiency will save labor and land resources from vegetable production.And the significance of GDP growth effect brought by efficiency increasing for different provinces is related to the percentage of vegetable sowing area.