Preliminary Study On The Taxonomy And Geographical Distribution Of Amphipods In China

Class Pauropoda is an ancestral edaphic arthropod group assigned to the monophyletic Progoneata of the subphylum Myriapoda.Pauropoda appears to be an old group,but the fossil record is very scant and restricted to specimens from Baltic amber.Eopauropus balticus Scheller&Wunderlich,2001.Pauropoda consists of two orders,12 families.50 genera and 926 species worldwide.However,Pauropoda has attracted limited attention and remains poorly known in most countries of Asia.The first records from China were published by Zhang and Chen.They found four were new species and one was a new record of Pauropodidae,while the other two were unidentified members of Eurypauropodidae and Sphaeropauropodidae respectively in Zhejiang Province and Tibet.However,for nearly two decades,no other investigations of Chinese pauropods were conducted,just 3 families and 5 genera were known.Until 2007,under the push of the academician Song Daxiang,the research of the Pauropoda was carried out in the Nanjing Normal University.Guo and Shen found one new genus and 12 new species in Jiangsu,An'hui and Zhejiang Province.From 2007 to 2010 we had found 3 families,8 genera and 26 species in China.But these are far below than the number of the Pauropoda in the world.Based on Pauropoda classified research and morphological characters summarized in this thesis,a Key to species of Pauropoda found in China are provided.We also provide the distribution of the Pauropoda in the world and in China.Meanwhile,morphological identification of genera and species,such as the head,antennae,trunk,bothriotricha,legs,pygidium and anal plate are dexcribed with some pictures in detail.Field trips were made in 16 Provinces,24 sampling sites.We found 10 new species.Borneopauropus aculifolius Qian,2014 belong to Borneopauropus,Branchypauropodidae;Samarangopus dilatare Qian,2014 belong to Samarangopus,Eurypauropodidae;Decapauropus annulicordatus Qian,2015.Decapauropus biclavulus Dong&Qian,2015.Decapauropus bidrepanoides Qian,2013,Decapauropus bifurcdicoccus Qian&Dong,2013.Decapauropus cultratus Qian,2014.Decapauropus duomamillant Qian&Dong.2013 and Decapauropus tribulosus Qian.2015 belong to Decapauropus,Pauropodidae;Stylopauropus biaristatus Qian.2014 belong to Stylopauropus,Pauropodidae.1 also review the Pauropus bifurcus Zhang&Chen 1988,it belongs to the Stylopauropus,and Dasongius(Sun&Guo,2010)nom.nov.is proposed to replace the invalid junior homonym of Songius Sun&Guo,2010.Addition to the D.infurcatus,Brachypauropus sp.and Spharepauropus rotatillis described by Ulf Scheller,we have one order,4 families,11 genera and 39 species in China.In the present study,the Pauropoda samples were collected from the Smoky Mountain and along the Tennessee River.The specimenses were identified the samples stored in the Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology,The University of Tennessee.This study summarized and concluded the known Pauropoda in the U.S.A.,and give a list of the species and distribution.The present study campared the morphological characteristics,diversity and distribution of the Pauropoda between in China and American.The results show that,the diversity of the Pauropoda in China and American is regionality.The mutual relation between the shape of the there are some obvious common characteristics.In addition to all this through the 60 morphology data to construct the phylogeny relations of the Pauropoda between in China and American.The results show that,the Pauropoda between China and American they have some same places on the fauna.We also using the 41 morphology data construct the phylogeny relations,the result supports the taxa of Pauropodoidea,Brachypauropodoidea and Eurypauropodoidea.We also speculate the distribution of the Pauropoda right now connected with the continental plates drift.Island areas in China may have more Pauropoda new species.