Research On The Internationalization Of Chinese Companies

Global economic integration makes more and more transnational flow of production factors between countries,more and more enterprises in the world to go international,and makes the world economy more and more interdependent.In particular,transnational enterprise which is considered as the main owner of the production factors and the main carrier of the national economic development has obtained more and more attention about their internationalization process.In recent years,the internationalization of multinational enterprises has shown some new features,for example,more and more emerging markets and developing countries in foreign investment flows increased year by year,and favor investment in developed markets.In particular,as a representative of developing countries,China's foreign investment flows in 2015 surpassed Japan,ranking only second to the United States and second in the world;and China as the world's largest single country market,it has its own huge market size;accepting foreign inward investment amount also cannot be ignored as well as it put investment abroad.Yet so far,because of the strong and dominant position of multinational corporations of developed countries for a long time,theoretical and practical research on the internationalization of emerging markets and developing countries is still lacking,and there are few researches on the particularity of the Chinese market.The existing research results based on the developed countries can not well explain the investment behavior of developing countries,especially china.The in-depth study on China enterprise internationalization system not only helps Chinese enterprises to adapt to the new features of economic globalization,contributing to the overall implementation of China internationalization strategy,it also helps to explore the internationalization of emerging markets and developing business rules and contribute to the overall improvement of the theoretical system of enterprise internationalization.This paper studied the internationalization behavior of Chinese enterprises from two aspects of theory and practice,with the internationalization of enterprises as the starting point of the research,through the general analysis of the internationalization of enterprises,combining the particularity of emerging markets and developing countries in different developed markets in developed countries,the evolution of combing theory and practice experience,eventually settled into the analysis of the particularity of the internationalization of modern enterprise China.This paper discussed the following seven questions:Compared with the western developed countries,what were the particularities of the internationalization of Chinese enterprises?What were the limitations of the mainstream theory of enterprise internationalization,and what was the new direction of the development of Chinese enterprise internationalization theory?At present,what were the deficiencies on the domestic and foreign research methods of the internationalization of enterprises,and how to improve in the study of internationalization of Chinese Enterprises?What was the current situation of the development of Chinese modern multinational corporations,and what were the problems?How did access window,growth path and direction from which Chinese enterprises entered the international market?What were the boost conditions and constraints for the internationalization of Chinese enterprises?Was there any new force that can be tapped and utilized for the internationalization of Chinese enterprises?In the discussion of these issues,we had made the following research breakthroughs and innovative achievements:1.The system theory on enterprise internationalization research was improved.For "reverse internationalization" of emerging markets and developing countries and China market unique "two-way internationalization" phenomenon,the limitation of"advantage premise theories " based on the western developed countries such as the classical trade theory,neoclassical trade theory and transnational corporations direct investment theory was found.Thus,traditional economic theories,theories in emerging markets and existing theories on Chinese enterprises internationalization research were combed in detail.By linking these three levels of theories into a main line,on the basis of these theories,the theoretical framework of Chinese enterprises internationalization was put forward,used to explain the specific practice of internationalization of Chinese enterprises,so as to improve the systematic theory of the research on the internationalization of enterprises and enhance the explanatory power of the theory.2.The research methods highlighted comprehensiveness and preciseness.This study was not limited to the category of political economy,but for different chapters of the research needs,there was a focus on the integration of different disciplines knowledge,such as world economics,geopolitics,international trade,business management etc..For example,focused on world economics when discussing the transnational flow of production factors;focused on political economy when combing the evolution of the theory of enterprise internationalization;focused on enterprise management science when analyzing cross cultural management;focused on geopolitics when discussing the political risks faced by the internationalization of Chinese enterprises,thus offset one's weakness and achieve mastery through a comprehensive study of the subject.In addition,the degree of internationalization measurement variables were re constructed,from two aspects of "enterprise internationalization depth" and "internationalization breadth" to measure the degree of internationalization,the disadvantages of single parameter measure had been changed.3.More dimensional research perspectives were adopted.Due to the internationalization of western developed countries started early,the domestic market of most of these countries was small,therefore,when the enterprise developed to a certain extent in the domestic market,it was motivated by market seeking,efficiency seeking and so on,they began to go abroad,overseas,therefore,most of the scholars in the research process held that the "enterprise internationalization" was equivalent to"enterprise going out",resulting in a single research perspective,that was,most of them focused on" outward internationalization ".In fact,there were two types of internationalization:"inward internationalization" and "outward internationalization".As such Chinese has huge market size and market capacity of the country,by attracting foreign investment,absorbing foreign technology and other ways to achieve the path to "inward internationalization" could not be ignored,so the characteristics of China enterprise internationalization had two-way internationalization".4.Clarified the main line of Chinese enterprise internationalization,and completed the study on the internationalization of Chinese enterprises from the practical point of view.Chinese and foreign scholars on the internationalization of enterprises often choose a specific perspective as a starting point,such as "Research on the internationalization of Chinese state owned enterprises","Research on the location choice of Chinese enterprises","Research on the internationalization of Chinese manufacturing industry" and so on.These studies were limited to a certain aspect of the enterprise research,or limited the study of a certain type of enterprise;research for Chinese enterprises internationalization system was rare.By reviewing the related theory analysis,analyzing Chinese enterprise internationalization features,researching "Positive and negative" boost and restrictive conditions on Chinese modern enterprise internationalization,and clearing development direction of Chinese modern enterprise internationalization,three levels new force from the government,enterprises,entrepreneurs was put forward.In the trend of global economic integration,although the development of modern Chinese enterprises still faced some internal and external constraints,for example,own advanced elements was relatively deficient,degree of internationalization was still lower,investing in the host country's political and economic turmoil,low level of cross cultural management and so on,but at the same time,it also had a complete boost from the government policy support,the enterprise's own efforts,etc..China's modern enterprises as long as selected target and firmed direction,chose the right access window and growth path,and made full use of the new force from three levels of government,enterprises and entrepreneurs,surely would be able to shine in the international arena.