Research On Labor Relations In Manufacturing Under Technological Changes

Manufacturing is the important pillar of the national economy,its development scale and level determines the overall strength of a country.China's manufacturing industry is big but not strong.To improving the quality of manufacturing development,technological change is the key.Technology upgrades will make the dramatic change of labor relations in manufacturing.It is useful to maintain the harmonious and stable labor relations for realizing the bigger and stronger strategy of manufacturing.The paper takes the impact of technological change on the labor process as the research starting point,analyzes the changes of manufacturing labor relations,and puts forward the ideas and strategies of the labor relations optimization.The full paper is divided into seven chapters,the contents of each chapter arranged as described below.The first chapter is the preface.First,the paper introduces briefly the background and significance of the research.Under the circumstances of the "industrialization" in developed countries,the strategy of intelligent manufacturing in China and the rapidly rising of labor cost,it is of great significance to research the labor relations of manufacturing.In addition,the paper also introduces the research idea,methods and innovation etc.The second chapter combs and reviews systematically the related research at home and abroad.In the long process of industrialization in western countries,the theory of labor relations is constantly enriched and perfect,is formed successively five different theoretical analysis framework,followed by unitarism,pluralism,systems theory,Marxism and the social action theory.Guided by these theories,it has a got rapidly development in the labor relations research.In the process of industrialization,it has a significant impact on labor relations for the overlap wave of the technology change.Foreign scholars have carried out a detailed research,and achieved rich results,having been reflected in the five aspects,such as employment,occupation,work,workers and trade union and so on.Different from abroad,labor relations research of China is more slow,mostly focuses on the establishing and perfect of the laws,it is few to study the labor relations under the perspective of technology change.In third chapter,we have a general theory analysis of the manufacturing labor relations under the technological changes.The research idea is that taking he labor process as the intermediate variable and analyzing the changes of manufacturing labor relations resulted by technological change.The first part of the paper simply introduces the significant impact of five technological changes on the manufacturing process.The second and third part discusses respectively the impact of technological changes on the division of labor and the organization form in the manufacturing,and further discusses the changes in labor relations resulted by those.The fourth chapter focuses on the analysis the labor relations of manufacturing industry under the technological change.The paper first analyzes the development of manufacturing industry and the characteristics of the production technology,and discovered that most of the level of production technology is low and low-medium in manufacturing industry,and the technical level is neven.The characteristic of labor relations is the capital is strong and the labor is weak in manufacturing industry,which is shaped by the technological change,production pattern and the level of human capital.Chapter five focuses on the analysis of labor relations in manufactural enterprises by adopting the combination of empirical and normative method.The study reveals that manufacturing workers which owning a high school degree is at most,the job stability of them is not high.The demand of skill variety and skill level are very few,sometimes workers even can be directly to work without any job training.The feature of the work affects their work evaluation in a great extent.The nature of labor is a key variable and significantly affects the job autonomy and job evaluation.As a stay point to the topic study,chapter six puts forward a kind of new idea and strategy strategy on optimizing the manufacturing labor relations.The thought of constructing is affecting the subject behavior of labor relations through a new management concept and management philosophy.The new concept and philosophy mainly embodies the recognition of the labor and technology.Nowadays,the predicament of the optimization of the labor relations in the manufacturing industry mainly focuses on three aspects,namely division of labor,technology and cognition.In the process of implementing,we focuses on the specific situation of China's manufacturing industry,aims to shape an ecological circumstance of labor relations through the efforts of the government,enterprises and workers together.The seventh chapter summarizes mainly the research content and conclusion of the paper.At the same time,the paper also points out the deficiency nowadays and the efforts direction of the study in the future.The main conclusions of the research can be summarized as the following several aspects:1.Technological changes have a profound impact on manufacturing labor process,which resulting the subject power change of labor relations.In the process of technological change,the division of labor is from rough to fine.The procedure division of labor makes the labor scope from wide to narrow,and then to limited expand today.The function division of labor makes the core technology of production from workplace to the office gradually.The labor force of the post is decline rapidly under the division economy.At the same time,technological change also makes the organization structure from the "pyramid”type to delayering,networking and virtualization nowadays.Labor relations in enterprise become loosing increasingly.2.The production technology level of manufacturing is uneven.It is skill-biased technological change in the future.It may produce both substitution and complementary effect for technological change.The new generation labor more prone to social preference than economical preference,which is not willing to marginal department but can't enter into the core department."Unemployment" and "job vacancies" may a normalized phenomenon in the manufacturing labor market.3.The nature of labor is a key variable,which affects in a large extent the job evaluation of labor.Repetitive labor overturns the traditional pattern of human capital accumulation which is doing by means of "learning by doing".It is hard to meet the high level demand of the labor through work.Quite a number of workers lack job enthusiasm,and the work function earning a living is greater than the interest.It shows a significant negative correlation between the education level and the mobility of occupation or work among the workers.4.Labor dispute is an implicit post conflict among manufacturing.In order to optimizing the labor relations,we could affect subject behavior of labor relations by the new management idea,change the relative forces by strengthening the endogenous power of the labor,and form a positive cycle among manufacturing labor relations.In the process of technological change,the government should do its best to play roles of protector,promoters and planners,the enterprise should choose the humanized technology,and the worker should be professional.The breakthrough of this study is embodied mainly in the perspective and the ideas,details are as follows:1.The perspective breakthrough of this research.It is one of the most important innovations to study labor relations from the perspective of technological change in this paper.At present,the domestic scholars mainly concentrate in the construction of labor laws which analyzing the issue of labor relations,few pay attention to the important effects of technological change on manufacturing labor relations.In addition,it is also a great breakthrough of this article to analyze labor relations issue from the change of manufacturing labor process resulted by technological change.2.The ideas breakthrough of this research.Firstly,the paper combed systematically the feature of manufacturing labor process among the different stages of technology development and the characteristics of the corresponding labor relations.It is uneven for the manufacturing technology level in our country,which is not only a meaningful attempt to do this,also is an important theoretical basis for the analysis of the labor relations within the manufacturing.Secondly,the paper analyzes the impact of the skill-biased technological changes on the labor demand of manufacturing which including quantity demand and structure demand,and notices that it could make an important effect on manufacturing labor supply when strengthening the social preferences of the new generation labor.Third,this paper puts forward a new management concept and philosophy,which promoting the ethics of technological change and emphasizing the technological essence of"for human" and "human do" and paying attention to the development function of "job"."Organic" organization is an important organizational guarantee for the implementation of advanced ideas.Finally,we pay attention to increasing the endogenous strength of labor,to changing the subject relative power of labor relations through improving the human capital of the labor,and to providing a new thought for constructing a virtuous cycle of labor relations.In a word,the study provides a new thought and direction for studying manufacturing labor relations,which broadening the research field of the labor relations and have a great academic value and practical significance.