| Since the 1990s,our country has entered into the period of social transformation,with economic system,social structure and social formation all in transition,so it is probably with the tourism.After several years development of reform and opening up,people's life is improved and consumption ability is also enhanced.With the springing up of domestic tourism and outbound tourism,the situation that inbound tourism outshines other tourism for many years has been broken.The change of need pattern in tourism market is the direct promotion for tourism transformation.After 20-year development,tourism transformation has entered into a deep water zone,hard to make a further advancement.Therefore,the problem that where tourism transformation should go is concerned by academia and the industry.However,the research on it has not been identified.In consequence,it is quite necessary to conduct an organized and deep research.To research this subject,the problems below have to been answered:What is tourism transformation?When does it begin?Is it active or passive?What promotion factors do it has?What is the dynamic mechanism of conduction?Which angles should we apply to interpret the level and innovation of tourism transformation in our country?The answers to these problems build the theoretical basis for tourism transformation.On the principle of applying theory to practice,only conducting research and judgment on the direction and future of tourism transformation in our country,which is based on the dimension of transformation built above,can we make system design aimed at the tendency,so as to benefit the development of " Grand Tour".The research thought of this paper is gradually formed by sorting out problems above.On the basis of organizing a large amount of literature,this paper,following the logical approach which starts from fundamental principles to empirical research,makes discrimination on the concept of tourism transformation in the first place;and on the basis of system theory,transformation development theory and other theories,it carries out a profound analysis on tourism transformation from three dimensions,that is macro,meso and micro.At the same time,it makes research judgment on the start of tourism transformation.In the end,exampled by Hulun buir in the Inner Mongolia autonomous region,it makes verification and analysis.Basic judgment is made through organized research.Influenced by macro factors such as politics,economics and etc,tourism transformation,starting from structural change of tourism market,will directly result in structural change of products,scope and business mode operated by tourism enterprises in micro dimension,drive the organization of tourism industry,the operation mode of tourism products as well as the shape of tourism industry in meso dimension changed,and transform tourism space structure,tourism management system and tourism industrial function.Under the micro dimension,tourism transformation reflects mainly the transformation of tourism enterprises which change from independent enterprises to chain enterprises,from operation in only one place to network operation that covers many areas.For meso dimension,it makes analysis from the building of tourism products and products operation mode.As for the transformation of the building of tourism industry,it refers to that with the transformation from mini tour to grand tour,individual market rises.Due to the promotion of tourism demand,the springing up of middleman focusing on Internet information technology and service provider of new operational types,both the tourism industry boundary and composing scope are all enlarged widely.As for the operation mode of tourism industry,its transformation is squeezed by the new circumstances of tourism.The operation mode of tourism industry achieves development in the same direction with the change in demand of tourism market,which is mainly based on the transition from economic system of "tourism of point and line" with travel agency as the center to " block travel" with individual traveler service center as the center.In macro dimension,analysis is made from three aspects,that is the transformation of tourism space structure,industrial function transformation and management system transformation.For the transformation of tourism space structure,it transforms from administrative region to tourism region,resulting in the change of regional cooperation mode.For function transformation of tourism industry,it refers to the change from single economic function to comprehensive social function,leading to the transformation of tourism performance measurement.For management system transformation of tourism,it is the transformation from a single management department to joint management departments,bringing the transformation of tourism policy and system.In the end,supported by a large amount data,Granger test method and Chow test method are applied to make a case analysis on the structural change of tourism transformation in Hulunbuir,and a great many facts are illustrated to further explain the basic judgment of tourism transformation in the three dimensions mentioned above.The tendency of tourism transformation in the future is made clear and system design is conducted for the tourism in Hulunbuir in transformation period,with the expectation of promoting the sound,stable and rapid development of tourism industry. |
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